Basic Ways To Save Lives When You Are The Only One Available- The BLS solution by antigenx

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· @antigenx · (edited)
$3.23
Basic Ways To Save Lives When You Are The Only One Available- The BLS solution
There is a thin line between life and death.The next person sitting close to you might slide into a subconscious state in which you ought to act fast, or the person stands a chance of losing his  life in a matter of seconds.Have you been in a situation that you wished you could have done something to salvage somebody’s life before medical help comes by?

<center><sub>![doctor faint.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmXrhRfEePPWYAh7PNR15fg44XDYrc4PofmuLr5MiJVGy9/doctor%20faint.png)[What if you had a basic knowledge of what to do in that state?](https://pixabay.com/en/nurse-nursing-pain-treatment-drugs-815050/)</sub></center>

_Let me tell you how you can be of help next time._


![BARRE STEEMIT.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYmhKnCFVHLXSxr9YD54nT8R2GvdH7iKeFXpSKYy6kV3B/BARRE%20STEEMIT.jpg)

The human body uses oxygen for a number of cellular activities to maintain life including the production of energy. Carbon dioxide is the end product of aerobic metabolism which is eliminated from the body through the lungs. It is obvious that oxygen is necessary to maintain a level of consciousness.

Cardiac arrest is the sudden cessation of effective circulation in a person not expected to die at that moment. Cardiac arrest may result from an electrical disturbance in the heart. A possibility could be an airway obstruction e.g. inhaled foreign body, myocardial infarction, excessive blood loss, electrocution and even poison ingestion.   
There are the signs to look out for.
* Unconsciousness (  A state of emergency in which the body is unable to meet the normal physiological standards due to a compromise).

* The absence of pulses(e.g. radial pulse, carotid pulse)

* Apnoea( an absence of respiration).

* Dilated unreactive and fixed pupils.    

More than 100,000 unconscious cases are seen yearly in the world, The average person may not have an idea of how to help and when these cases finally go to the hospital, they contribute to the mortality figures.Unconsciousness is a close relation of death, an unconscious person is at immediate risk dying from upper airway obstruction by the tongue or aspiration due to loss of protective airway reflexes. An immediate response to an unconscious person is aimed at saving a life.

Basic life support (BLS) is the minimum standard of care to be rendered to salvage the victim from dying. As the name implies, it is a basic way to lend a hand to a dying friend. 

# It should be a must know for the entire community and not just the health professionals.



BASIC LIFE SUPPORT requires the use of two hands and a willing heart to maintain the airway and support the breathing and circulation until further help comes or the person is transferred to a health facility.

# Important facts to note.
* Early recognition of an unconscious state and calling for help may prevent a cardiac arrest.

* Immediate CPR can double or even triple the survival chances and prevent a cardiac arrest


# Before embarking on a cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, these are the things to do after calling for help nearby.

![BARRE STEEMIT.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYmhKnCFVHLXSxr9YD54nT8R2GvdH7iKeFXpSKYy6kV3B/BARRE%20STEEMIT.jpg)

# A -ASSESSMENT
This is a crucial phase, in basic life support. The rescuer must first access the safety of the scene in case there is need to move the victim to a safer place. 

* Next would be a quick assessment of any injuries or damage to the spine- this will determine the way of moving the victim and opening of the airway.

* The rescuer taps/ shake the victim gently and shouts “are you alright” to access responsiveness

* If the victim is unresponsive, lay the victim flat on the floor with head and the whole body facing the sky, and open the airway by a manoeuvre that will lift the tongue from the posterior pharynx (throat)- this is because the tongue usually falls backwards occluding the pharynx(throat) in an unconscious victim.

# The basic maneuvers to know are:

# HEAD TILT/ CHIN LIFT.
<center><sub>![chin lift.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPpsd8MU4UB6kBecvpmjmk166n2nybVXbxB4EVKHJYC4c/chin%20lift.jpg)[ wikimedia commons image by PrPom under CC-by SA 4.0 Fr](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Unconsciousness#/media/File:Z%C3%A1klon_hlavy_-_zpr%C5%AFchodn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_d%C3%BDchac%C3%ADch_cest_01.jpg)</sub></center>

* Gently place one hand on the victim's forehead, and push the head back slowly tilting the head backward.

* Next, place the index and middle finger of the other hand under the chin and pull the chin forward and support it.

# JAW THRUST.
<center><sub>![head tilt.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmTR1M3MgwM8zv2LqLHFagdhwEw6H13YpUER4XzFrEVQcx/head%20tilt.jpg)[wikimedia commons image by Rama undr CC-by SA 2.0 Fr](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/CPR_training-05.jpg)</sub></center>

* This is the safest approach to a victim with a suspected neck injury if you made an assessment of that

* Place both hands on each side of the victims head and grasp the lower jaw (mandible). Gently lift the jaw with both hands.

_N/B: This technique can be performed without lifting the neck._

# B-BREATHING.

<center><sub>![small listen cpr.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmSMvBY3i8SrwwgmhU1RqQwTfxBP5WsN978ASDwfnoJiuw/small%20listen%20cpr.jpg)[wikimedia commons image by Rama undr CC-by SA 2.0 Fr](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/CPR_training-01.jpg/640px-CPR_training-01.jpg)</sub></center>

* Bend down slowly, placing your ears near the victim's mouth and nose while maintaining an open airway and assess for breathing (respiration).

* Look at the chest if it’s rising and falling, if there is inadequate breathing (gasps) then you would need to help the victim breath.

# MOUTH TO MOUTH BREATHING.
While still maintaining the victims head as described earlier, pinch the victim’s nose to prevent further air from escaping, take a deep breath, make a seal with your mouth over the victim’s mouth and exhale slowly into the victim’s mouth while observing the chest to see the chest movements.

# MOUTH TO NOSE BREATHING.
If there is a difficulty with the mouth assesses probably because of an injury, the nose is another option. 

* To do this, you tilt the victims head back with one hand and use the other hand to lift the jaw (mandible) to close the mouth to prevent air escape.

* Next, take a deep breath, and seal your mouth over the person’s nose and exhale slowly into it.

# MOUTH TO BARRIER DEVICE BREATHING.
This technique is encouraged when carrying out a resuscitation outside the home, or when you are afraid of transmission of an infectious disease. Face shields and mask can be used or you can proceed to do chest compressions that you would learn about soon.

# C -CIRCULATION
This is the final step. This might be difficult to assess as a layman, but if you can look closely, listen and feel the absences or presence of the pulsation in the neck (carotid pulse); this may give you a pointer to start chest compression

<center><sub>![compress chest.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmPBM8BPm1o6xzyAXqSQBMR9waTp4t1Xdmr8M3p64kd76A/compress%20chest.jpg)[wikimedia commons image by Rama undr CC-by SA 2.0 Fr](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/CPR_training-02.jpg/640px-CPR_training-02.jpg)</sub></center>

* CHEST COMPRESSION TECHNIQUE-Place the heel of one of your hand on the lower chest (sternum) and the other hand on top of the first in such a way that the hands are parallel to each other.

* Try to position your shoulders above your parallel hands and depress the chest by about 4-5cm. release the pressure after each compression but do not take your hands off the chest in order not to lose your initial position.

The current guideline on resuscitation recommends 30 external chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths irrespective of the rescuer. The basic life support procedure should continue until the ambulance arrives to convey the victim to a better-equipped facility.

![BARRE STEEMIT.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYmhKnCFVHLXSxr9YD54nT8R2GvdH7iKeFXpSKYy6kV3B/BARRE%20STEEMIT.jpg)

# Here is a quick summary of the tips.

_Unresponsive?  Shout for help!!!, open airway. Not breathing normally? Do 30 compressions with 2 rescue breaths_


for further reading, here are some useful references.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiopulmonary_resuscitation

https://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/how-to-save-a-life/how-to-do-cpr

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/first-aid/cpr/


if you have any questions, please drop a message in the comment section and i will answer it
@antigenx
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vote details (42)
@drqamranbashir · (edited)
$0.04
@air-clinic
Hello friend.
Air-Curie is an initiative of Air-Clinic aimed at finding excellent medical posts and rewarding them with upvotes & exposure. In that way, we hope to encourage authors of such posts to keep churning out health-seeking articles.

WHAT ARE OUR AIMS & OBJECTIVES?
1- Find Deserving Authors Making Quality Medical Posts Who Use #Air-Clinic  Tag & Submit on #Air-Curie Channel!<br>
2- Screen The Posts Daily To Find The CURATABLE ONES that will be featured on our blog on a weekly basis with surprise rewards.
By CURATABLE we mean the content that......
 (1) Quality content.
(2) Free of Plagiarism.
(3) Properly formatted.
(4) No grammatical mistakes.
(5) Adds value to platform.
(6) Has desired length.
(5) Coherent and Readable.

Air-clinic appreciates your efforts.Motive of air-curie is to help you make a post perfect in every aspect.
*In your post, image 3, 4, and 5 do not have source links attached.
*You have not mentioned text source either.
"Also, you have committed slight mistakes as mentioned  below:-

The absence of central pulses(e.g. radial pulse, carotid pulse)
Radial pulse is not a central pulse. it is a peripheral pulse.


for help may prevent cardiac (degeneration to an arrest)
what does it means?
 You can simply write cardiac degenration or carsiac arrest.![PicsArt_03-04-04.42.16.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQma1N291wNUf6v9BJqGDj3SJFF84B9TVYhxQAUWyt5uVyb/PicsArt_03-04-04.42.16.png)
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vote details (1)
@antigenx · (edited)
Dear @drqamranbashir,  thanks for your efforts to curate my post. 

* thanks for helping me spot the typos, it proves that  I am human afterall and not a bot 😋

*  my images are sourced properly.  The green link could take you to where they are located. 

* there are  references are at the foot note of the post, the links I provided could educate readers more on the subject matter. 

* the post was not written from a text, it was written from experience(i am sure you know what I  mean by that) , so I don't see the need to provide  further  text references.

 it was nice of you to stop by on my post to ensure it's @air-curie worthy.

@antigenx
👍  
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@drqamranbashir · (edited)
Your last 3 images are still not sourced.
For your foot links, you have mentioned "for further readings" not "source links".
I understand what you mean" by experiance" but BLS was not introduced by you.So text source is mandatory to mention.
By text source it does not mean that you have copied from that source but it means that concept mentioned in post is mentioned in that source.

Keep good work up.
Thank you.
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@caesar816 ·
permit me to call you Dr. Antigenx. The content of this article is of high quality and very informative for an estate surveyor and valuer like me, but i still appreciate the fact that you brought this to our knowledge. inorder to receive more upvotes on your works you can join steemschools community on discord. we are very cooperative and as well you can learn more things from there. have a blessed night ahead.
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@antigenx ·
Thanks  @caesar816. Permission granted.  I am already on the  @steemschool discord group. It's quite fun out there. Thanks for taking time to go through my post. 
@antigenx
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@irelandscape ·
This should be part of the curriculum across all second level schools.
Thanks for sharing.
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@antigenx ·
Wow @irelandscape,  just wished the school board could make it compulsory for everyone.  Thanks for your time. 
@antigenx
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@cyprianj ·
This is awesome.... This deserves to be bookmarked for easy reference.
You did a good job here,  nice one bro. 
The article was well explained and articulated
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@antigenx ·
@cyprianj nice feedback from you bro
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@drmaizo ·
This is a basic course for everything person. Congratulation @antigenx
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@antigenx ·
Thanks  @drmaizo for visiting my blog today.  I'm honoured to have you come by  
@antigenx
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@vickybrown ·
Nice article...this could really help save lives
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@antigenx ·
Definitely...
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@giving-girl ·
![GIVING GIRL USE.png](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbwteVMagobZCnQvRvQnghkBRpQLio47NyVBTsuLLRJwb/GIVING%20GIRL%20USE.png)

This post have been upvoted and resteemed to my followers as my support to you on this community. Follow @giving-girl for more random support.
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@antigenx ·
Thanks @giving-girl
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@antigenx · (edited)
$1.35
Dear curator,  thanks for your efforts once more.  

I still aver that my images are properly sourced.  Here is the traditional way of image sourcing on steemit. 

[image](image URL),  if you still doubt it,  you can check the back end of the post at steemd.com to see for yourself.  



Also while doing that,  please note that I can choose whatever #name I choose to call my image according to the context of my post ,be it a word or a sentence - afterall I gave credits to the owner of the image by #properly sourcing it.

On the issue of "text source ", let me take you to the last line of my post. 

>for further reading, here are some useful references.

You obviously didn't see the... "References". 

What is a reference?  Here is a short summary from #Google 
![Screenshot_2018-04-28-08-58-02.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmYFZ1HSewE8kWALUYEmoyYvR7unKx5pJTMbBSef5dbPrH/Screenshot_2018-04-28-08-58-02.jpg)

I don't have to use the word  # source before I can reference an article. 

Lastly, like I mentioned earlier, the post wasn't gotten from a text book, and oh.. Forgot to mention that I wasn't the author of the BLS, but as you see,  it has become a part of me obviously because of practice. Those who use certain "basic professional terminologies" in their everyday post don't have to go about "sourcing " them I think,  it might be a boring venture to go into. 

Thanks for your contributions,  would welcome more if you have anymore concerns. 
@antigenx
👍  
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vote details (1)
@edwin23 ·
$0.02
My Steemian Doctor sir. Thanks so much for this well detailed information. Truely people suffer cos they dont know what they ought. Thank God I now know this.
👍  
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@antigenx ·
You are welcome bro,  it's always good to give than to receive.
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@gimba ·
Good I was taught some of this during my NYSC Red Cross
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@antigenx ·
Wow that's cool, Red Cross did well.  Your nysc  paid off...
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@joshuaetim ·
$0.04
Mammoth flow of information in one write. I find this quite informative and educating. Well done @antigenx
👍  
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@donnest ·
This is powerful sir... I will take a second read obviously
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@ifechi-works ·
I can do most of these if I don't panic in the first place lol. Great post man.
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@antigenx ·
What can make you panic,  if I may ask?  Do you mind sharing?
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@ifechi-works ·
Seeing someone go down and somehow you are the only person close by that might be able to hold the person between life and death can cause panic. I think
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