上周乘着首张黑洞照片的热度,写了个帖子,对于黑洞周围吸积盘(黑洞吸引的物质聚集盘状围绕其旋转)的亮度不对称的解释,我以为是因为黑洞的引力透镜效应使黑洞背后的吸积盘的形成一个虚像叠加到黑洞正面的吸积盘上增加了其亮度。还做了一个gif动画来演示。如下: <center><img class="aligncenter" src="https://steemitimages.com/0x0/https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmZHVoagTEsR34X3VxE3xSCmZbsRjXmvR1tuZPcK5weuxZ/blackhole.gif" alt="blackhole animation" /></center><br/> <p><center>图一:为什么黑洞看来像甜甜圈 作者:cheva 版权:CC4.0</center></p> 不过这几天又看了几篇文章,还把EHT项目的论文也看了下,发现这个问题没有这么简单。EHT项目的论文中也谈到黑洞吸积盘亮度不对称的问题,项目官方的解释是这主要是应为相对论性的多普勒效应和聚光效应。那什么是相对论性聚光效应呢?我来试着解释一下。 <ul> <li> <h4><strong>相对论性聚光效应:</strong></h4> </li> </ul> 首先,我先不用数学公式,不那么严谨地解释一下。狭义相对论的两个基本前提,1、对于任何惯性参照系,物理定律都是适用的。2、对于任何惯性参照系光速都是一样的。我们设想两个观察者A,B,A在一辆接近光速行驶的平板车上,车上还有一盏灯。而B则站在地面上静止不动。我们将灯简化成一个均匀的静止点光源,那么它会向各个方向均匀的发射光子,就像下图所示。根据狭义相对论的第一个基本前提:对于任何惯性参照系,物理定律都是适用的。所谓惯性参照系就是匀速直线运动的观察者,那么站在以接近光速前进的平板车上的观察者A,相对于车上的灯是静止的,他看到的光线分布也应该是均匀的。 <center><img class="aligncenter" src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/04/23/EARnC4.png" alt="A observe light " width="632" height="488" /></center><br/> <center>图二:接近光速前进的平板车上,相对灯静止的观察者A看到的灯光仍然是均匀发散的。作者:cheva</center></p> 我们再来看,站在地面静止不动的观察者B,他看到的平板车上的光源发出的光线会是什么样呢?第一,因为灯相对B是运动的,B看到情况肯定和A不一样,光源发出的光线一定不是均匀分布的。相对论之所以叫相对,就是观察结果因观察者所选取的参照系运动状态不同而不同,并且这些不同的观察结果都是同样真实的。第二,既然不同,我们能够想象的情况只有在B看来光线要么向运动方向汇集,要么向运动方向的反向汇集这两种情况。那么根据我们之前的判断站在车上的观察者A看到的灯是均匀放出光线的。直觉告诉我们B看到情况应该是光线向运动方向汇聚,这样在平板车运动速度的补偿下,A看到的光线才可能是均匀的。也就是说相对静止的观察者来说,接近光速运动的光源,光线会像探照灯一样在运动方向上发生汇聚,这就是相对论性聚光效应。当然我上面的推导算不上严谨,但是符合实际。严谨的公式推导我以后会给出。 <center><img class="aligncenter" src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/04/23/EAfY1H.png" alt="stationary" width="699" height="467" /></center><br/> <center>图三、在静止的观察者看来,运动光源发出的光,会像探照灯一样向运动方向汇聚。作者:cheva</center></p> <ul> <li> <h4><strong>再看黑洞照片</strong></h4> </li> </ul> 了解了相对论性聚光效应,我们再来看看黑洞照片。 <center><img class="aligncenter" src="https://steemitimages.com/640x0/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Black_hole_-_Messier_87.jpg/1280px-Black_hole_-_Messier_87.jpg" alt="M87" /></center><br/> <center>图四:人类首张黑洞照片——室女座星系M87中心的超大质量黑洞 来源:EHT Collaboration 版权 CC3.0 <a title="This link will take you away from steemit.com" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Black_hole_-_Messier_87.jpg" rel="nofollow noopener">图片地址:维基百科</a></center></p> 根据EHT项目的官方论文的描述M87黑洞的吸积盘所在平面的法线与视线之间的夹角是17度。我们可以画出如下的示意图: <center><img class="aligncenter" src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/04/23/EAo8lF.jpg" alt="illustrate M87" width="1221" height="687" /></center><br/> <center>图五:M87黑洞的吸积盘与地球观察者的视线存在一个约17度的倾角,下方更亮,说明吸积盘物质沿蓝色箭头方向旋转 ,这样它们在视线方向上有朝向地球的运动分量,因此由于相对论性聚光效应亮度被加强,当物质旋转进入上半圆时,在视线方向上的运动分量变成远离地球方向,因此变得更暗。作者:cheva</center></p> 因为黑洞的引力强大,这些物质围绕黑洞旋转的速度都接近光速,亮度更高说明吸积盘物质发生了相对论性聚光效应,在向我们运动,因此吸积盘的下半部分是向蓝色箭头方向运动的,也就是相对地球上的观察者来说,吸积盘是在顺时针转动。如果是逆时针转动则会形成上明下暗的分布。 <em>爱因斯坦在一百多年前提出的理论,不仅打破了我们对时间、空间惯常的静态理解,即使千万光年外的天文现象也依然严格遵守。让人不禁感叹爱因斯坦的天才确实千年难遇。</em> <hr /> 参考资料: <ul> <li><a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0f43/meta">First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_aberration">维基百科词条:relativitic aberration</a></li> <li><a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwNTA5NTYxOA==&mid=2650867400&idx=1&sn=361646605ecaa254f0ffa171d7b6954f&chksm=80d44f65b7a3c673b9e83bf9aa5482796c9339004cfa92094817c37b3be7479e42093abb0fbb&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=&pass_ticket=gjEaPdUPztIy5b5U5ZKoUbYAg54R1V1OEe2rBGZ0J%2BQ%3D#rd">用计算机描绘黑洞,诺兰电影并不是最早的,甚至不是最精确的</a></li> </ul> <br /><center><hr/><em>Posted from my blog with <a href='https://wordpress.org/plugins/steempress/'>SteemPress</a> : https://darwincheva.000webhostapp.com/2019/04/%e3%80%90cn-stem%e3%80%91%e7%9b%b8%e5%af%b9%e8%ae%ba%e6%80%a7%e8%81%9a%e5%85%89%e6%95%88%e5%ba%94-%e6%9b%b4%e6%ad%a3%e6%88%91%e5%af%b9 </em><hr/></center>
post_id | 73,573,179 | ||||||
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author | cheva | ||||||
permlink | cn-stem-ednmlyu22c | ||||||
category | cn | ||||||
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created | 2019-04-23 06:48:54 | ||||||
last_update | 2019-04-23 06:48:54 | ||||||
depth | 0 | ||||||
children | 3 | ||||||
net_rshares | 8,598,716,427,088 | ||||||
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root_title | 【cn-stem】相对论性聚光效应——修正我对黑洞照片亮度不对称的观点。 | ||||||
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voter | weight | wgt% | rshares | pct | time |
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wackou | 0 | 71,147,521,603 | 1.29% | ||
tombstone | 0 | 25,428,512,195 | 0.1% | ||
drifter1 | 0 | 270,638,714 | 2.16% | ||
lola-carola | 0 | 393,441,647 | 2.16% | ||
kevinwong | 0 | 40,031,777,583 | 0.5% | ||
anwenbaumeister | 0 | 187,341,940 | 4.32% | ||
mammasitta | 0 | 1,099,439,925 | 0.21% | ||
fiveboringgames | 0 | 24,282,094,620 | 10% | ||
arconite | 0 | 127,798,123 | 0.25% | ||
bullionstackers | 0 | 6,410,421,638 | 1% | ||
steempress | 0 | 46,761,254,502 | 10% | ||
lemouth | 0 | 50,897,156,786 | 10% | ||
tumutanzi | 0 | 34,290,603,365 | 4.64% | ||
charlie777pt | 0 | 2,656,401,532 | 2% | ||
rwilday | 0 | 52,841,725 | 100% | ||
lamouthe | 0 | 11,469,845,882 | 20% | ||
justyy | 0 | 285,887,564,882 | 12.27% | ||
whoib | 0 | 428,946,767 | 70% | ||
curie | 0 | 1,361,377,957,803 | 4.32% | ||
hendrikdegrote | 0 | 56,763,518,911 | 4.32% | ||
vact | 0 | 82,280,584,281 | 4.32% | ||
steemstem | 0 | 799,850,601,176 | 20% | ||
dashfit | 0 | 441,577,317 | 2.16% | ||
bukiland | 0 | 341,731,060 | 1% | ||
gangstayid | 0 | 97,398,071 | 2.16% | ||
vodonik | 0 | 82,106,882 | 6.6% | ||
dna-replication | 0 | 5,597,695,428 | 20% | ||
gmedley | 0 | 300,227,219 | 2.16% | ||
coldhair | 0 | 11,065,829,445 | 4.64% | ||
diebaasman | 0 | 2,208,960,924 | 12% | ||
moksamol | 0 | 500,428,765 | 2.16% | ||
getrichordie | 0 | 142,457,306 | 2.16% | ||
thatsweeneyguy | 0 | 106,811,679 | 2.16% | ||
szokerobert | 0 | 116,647,749 | 0.86% | ||
bloom | 0 | 85,566,254,829 | 20% | ||
eurogee | 0 | 73,292,234 | 2% | ||
jiujitsu | 0 | 1,970,818,220 | 2.16% | ||
lekang | 0 | 588,376,245 | 2.16% | ||
isaria | 0 | 24,754,100,822 | 10% | ||
helo | 0 | 25,933,265,696 | 10% | ||
samminator | 0 | 7,644,049,949 | 10% | ||
locikll | 0 | 3,549,717,524 | 8.64% | ||
kjaeger | 0 | 57,344,966 | 50% | ||
mahdiyari | 0 | 16,839,760,641 | 10% | ||
lorenzor | 0 | 5,870,815,284 | 50% | ||
aboutyourbiz | 0 | 808,914,659 | 4.32% | ||
shenchensucc | 0 | 77,681,213 | 4.64% | ||
giuato | 0 | 118,500,594 | 2.16% | ||
alexander.alexis | 0 | 11,179,177,570 | 20% | ||
jayna | 0 | 1,572,209,112 | 2% | ||
suesa | 0 | 128,914,935,015 | 25% | ||
cryptokrieg | 0 | 765,902,251 | 4.32% | ||
rival | 0 | 2,123,698,406 | 2% | ||
slickhustler007 | 0 | 135,038,187 | 2.16% | ||
corsica | 0 | 9,258,136,402 | 20% | ||
makrotheblack | 0 | 116,765,190 | 2.16% | ||
ludmila.kyriakou | 0 | 318,271,098 | 6% | ||
fancybrothers | 0 | 437,707,961 | 6% | ||
allcapsonezero | 0 | 2,072,695,234 | 2.16% | ||
howo | 0 | 61,741,249,364 | 10% | ||
tsoldovieri | 0 | 1,441,442,018 | 10% | ||
bluemoon | 0 | 1,163,667,023 | 4.32% | ||
nitego | 0 | 89,171,503 | 1.29% | ||
hotsteam | 0 | 3,205,008,757 | 10% | ||
neumannsalva | 0 | 615,462,359 | 2.16% | ||
wargof | 0 | 186,651,941 | 10% | ||
abigail-dantes | 0 | 344,419,230,105 | 20% | ||
phogyan | 0 | 88,820,581 | 2.16% | ||
esteemguy | 0 | 151,355,954 | 20% | ||
tfame3865 | 0 | 153,398,819 | 0.86% | ||
alexzicky | 0 | 5,152,696,450 | 5% | ||
mountain.phil28 | 0 | 3,583,196,504 | 25% | ||
jasonbu | 0 | 11,164,224,643 | 25% | ||
coolbuddy | 0 | 0 | 1% | ||
tuoficinavirtual | 0 | 89,263,268 | 25% | ||
tanyaschutte | 0 | 69,039,048 | 2% | ||
iamphysical | 0 | 14,417,491,125 | 90% | ||
zest | 0 | 3,849,495,565 | 10% | ||
felixrodriguez | 0 | 765,005,813 | 10% | ||
revo | 0 | 1,462,962,314 | 2.16% | ||
azulear | 0 | 450,512,341 | 100% | ||
felicenavidad | 0 | 140,047,040 | 50% | ||
psicoluigi | 0 | 324,045,227 | 50% | ||
liumei | 0 | 200,984,330 | 5.6% | ||
waiyee422 | 0 | 253,807,999 | 4.64% | ||
massivevibration | 0 | 3,700,985,287 | 5% | ||
eurodale | 0 | 179,369,157 | 2.16% | ||
reaverza | 0 | 1,136,116,407 | 15% | ||
clweeks | 0 | 178,060,371 | 2.59% | ||
tonygreene113 | 0 | 1,154,056,125 | 5% | ||
superbing | 0 | 705,518,958 | 7.2% | ||
dokter-purnama | 0 | 256,124,108 | 2.16% | ||
erikkun28 | 0 | 0 | 1% | ||
cryptononymous | 0 | 1,168,384,174 | 2.16% | ||
minloulou | 0 | 442,338,154 | 3% | ||
dailystats | 0 | 2,093,471,272 | 7.17% | ||
jlsplatts | 0 | 190,300,699 | 0.64% | ||
mayowadavid | 0 | 875,068,195 | 10% | ||
poodai | 0 | 152,952,943 | 2.16% | ||
markmorbidity | 0 | 99,073,959 | 2.16% | ||
emdesan | 0 | 139,832,295 | 10% | ||
peaceandwar | 0 | 643,065,064 | 2.16% | ||
enzor | 0 | 299,700,858 | 10% | ||
joendegz | 0 | 226,955,100 | 2.16% | ||
jesusj1 | 0 | 76,824,944 | 100% | ||
carlos84 | 0 | 3,460,411,852 | 100% | ||
gra | 0 | 7,643,641,366 | 20% | ||
jianan | 0 | 1,072,509,725 | 7.09% | ||
shayekh2 | 0 | 75,862,437 | 50% | ||
pinksteam | 0 | 1,054,381,791 | 10% | ||
aalok | 0 | 105,943,952 | 26% | ||
paulmoon410 | 0 | 69,852,812 | 10% | ||
attoan.cmt | 0 | 340,146,589 | 2.16% | ||
cnbuddy | 0 | 133,462,396,619 | 9.28% | ||
nileelily | 0 | 142,076,364 | 4.64% | ||
nicole-st | 0 | 204,566,894 | 2.16% | ||
teukurival | 0 | 165,326,218 | 2.16% | ||
jacktan | 0 | 140,820,539 | 4% | ||
drmake | 0 | 2,319,051,938 | 2.16% | ||
anxin | 0 | 104,256,601 | 7.15% | ||
guga34 | 0 | 469,795,157 | 15% | ||
pechichemena | 0 | 90,499,077 | 0.86% | ||
sandracarrascal | 0 | 117,470,408 | 100% | ||
bitinvdig0 | 0 | 691,764,368 | 24% | ||
xanderslee | 0 | 201,762,554 | 4.32% | ||
egotheist | 0 | 199,322,094 | 2% | ||
kenadis | 0 | 4,611,228,388 | 20% | ||
tristan-muller | 0 | 78,523,257 | 20% | ||
gentleshaid | 0 | 9,125,405,916 | 10% | ||
thescubageek | 0 | 277,532,419 | 2.16% | ||
fejiro | 0 | 214,614,485 | 10% | ||
cheva | 0 | 1,419,246,562 | 100% | ||
steemitag | 0 | 3,371,311,823 | 10% | ||
nunesso | 0 | 31,583,567,170 | 50% | ||
danaedwards | 0 | 433,753,240 | 4.32% | ||
ivymalifred | 0 | 1,689,441,959 | 50% | ||
sco | 0 | 19,105,690,698 | 20% | ||
douglimarbalzan | 0 | 352,506,495 | 100% | ||
ennyta | 0 | 895,811,737 | 50% | ||
rharphelle | 0 | 319,152,447 | 25% | ||
stahlberg | 0 | 899,793,309 | 2.16% | ||
gabrielatravels | 0 | 169,864,873 | 1.08% | ||
reizak | 0 | 328,177,113 | 1.72% | ||
vjap55 | 0 | 946,631,047 | 100% | ||
zlatkamrs | 0 | 213,767,544 | 4.1% | ||
monie | 0 | 409,482,359 | 100% | ||
eliaschess333 | 0 | 9,602,611,395 | 50% | ||
shoganaii | 0 | 184,320,303 | 10% | ||
darkiche | 0 | 75,924,325 | 10% | ||
ydavgonzalez | 0 | 328,765,116 | 5% | ||
langford | 0 | 349,940,160 | 20% | ||
mattiarinaldoni | 0 | 0 | 1% | ||
bestsmiles | 0 | 100,253,010 | 50% | ||
mathowl | 0 | 5,111,001,695 | 10% | ||
shinedojo | 0 | 432,532,134 | 4.32% | ||
hongtao | 0 | 1,134,702,782 | 50% | ||
gaming.yer | 0 | 409,312,123 | 100% | ||
maiyude | 0 | 1,728,308,487 | 4.64% | ||
steem-familia | 0 | 407,940,047 | 100% | ||
lacher-prise | 0 | 148,594,583 | 10% | ||
jcalero | 0 | 136,253,073 | 4.32% | ||
olajidekehinde | 0 | 80,982,087 | 10% | ||
real2josh | 0 | 151,840,960 | 10% | ||
steepup | 0 | 437,618,242 | 8% | ||
traviseric | 0 | 227,017,511 | 50% | ||
woolfe19861008 | 0 | 82,218,465 | 7.14% | ||
yrmaleza | 0 | 370,949,280 | 50% | ||
stemng | 0 | 6,574,951,308 | 10% | ||
mininthecity | 0 | 138,900,437 | 3.45% | ||
edprivat | 0 | 2,123,601,234 | 0.15% | ||
trixie | 0 | 64,397,775 | 10% | ||
kingabesh | 0 | 505,316,655 | 10% | ||
bobandtom | 0 | 310,269,126 | 50% | ||
evangelista.yova | 0 | 401,372,242 | 100% | ||
miguelangel2801 | 0 | 788,489,802 | 50% | ||
dailychina | 0 | 1,996,524,322 | 7.17% | ||
didic | 0 | 2,565,698,493 | 2.16% | ||
jenniferjulieth | 0 | 346,161,646 | 100% | ||
operahoser | 0 | 268,514,142 | 0.64% | ||
asonintrigue | 0 | 190,143,674 | 2.16% | ||
emiliomoron | 0 | 4,797,606,273 | 50% | ||
dexterdev | 0 | 2,335,174,143 | 10% | ||
intellihandling | 0 | 3,002,249,398 | 50% | ||
oghie | 0 | 415,347,751 | 50% | ||
geopolis | 0 | 1,285,146,828 | 20% | ||
ajfernandez | 0 | 316,543,472 | 100% | ||
dongfengman | 0 | 589,052,703 | 7.14% | ||
robertbira | 0 | 2,123,205,912 | 5% | ||
teekingtv | 0 | 322,137,814 | 5% | ||
alexdory | 0 | 921,050,973 | 8% | ||
flugschwein | 0 | 4,620,777,769 | 19% | ||
benleemusic | 0 | 106,336,309 | 0.43% | ||
shentrading | 0 | 1,639,348,191 | 8.35% | ||
francostem | 0 | 2,715,146,586 | 20% | ||
ivan-g | 0 | 530,980,606 | 2.16% | ||
endopediatria | 0 | 692,905,793 | 20% | ||
zipporah | 0 | 902,856,309 | 0.86% | ||
sissyjill | 0 | 60,148,830 | 7% | ||
ingmarvin | 0 | 358,753,206 | 100% | ||
joelagbo | 0 | 103,005,731 | 5% | ||
emmanuel293 | 0 | 99,153,364 | 25% | ||
cryptofuwealth | 0 | 75,054,438 | 11% | ||
ethanlee | 0 | 158,131,862 | 6.12% | ||
morbyjohn | 0 | 62,506,548 | 7% | ||
alix96 | 0 | 346,311,177 | 100% | ||
ambitiouslife | 0 | 227,850,024 | 2.16% | ||
tomastonyperez | 0 | 12,127,341,450 | 50% | ||
bil.prag | 0 | 86,292,169 | 0.21% | ||
jingis07 | 0 | 227,889,791 | 2.16% | ||
elvigia | 0 | 9,868,711,480 | 50% | ||
scoora82 | 0 | 867,079,530 | 24% | ||
gabyoraa | 0 | 81,410,713 | 2.16% | ||
lesmouths-travel | 0 | 957,517,640 | 13% | ||
cjunros | 0 | 97,162,593 | 2.16% | ||
wales | 0 | 407,943,109 | 2.16% | ||
effofex | 0 | 2,141,450,962 | 10% | ||
luiscd8a | 0 | 1,071,538,719 | 80% | ||
de-stem | 0 | 7,823,491,951 | 19.8% | ||
elsll | 0 | 97,056,628 | 4.32% | ||
geadriana | 0 | 619,854,777 | 15% | ||
elpdl | 0 | 440,634,881 | 100% | ||
derbesserwisser | 0 | 165,268,066 | 100% | ||
serylt | 0 | 3,929,046,330 | 19.6% | ||
bavi | 0 | 133,461,220 | 2.16% | ||
berien | 0 | 540,973,303 | 10% | ||
josedelacruz | 0 | 4,965,819,167 | 50% | ||
steempress-io | 0 | 3,894,412,047,539 | 10% | ||
joseangelvs | 0 | 1,609,363,502 | 100% | ||
viannis | 0 | 1,475,283,876 | 50% | ||
majapesi | 0 | 246,869,626 | 50% | ||
menoski | 0 | 1,225,963,147 | 5% | ||
michaelwrites | 0 | 227,785,622 | 10% | ||
deholt | 0 | 829,673,557 | 17% | ||
archaimusic | 0 | 117,688,699 | 10% | ||
smacommunity | 0 | 153,120,213 | 2.16% | ||
musicvoter | 0 | 3,860,092,933 | 1% | ||
honoru | 0 | 570,925,226 | 8% | ||
edanya | 0 | 84,934,298 | 2.16% | ||
goodway | 0 | 143,079,590 | 1% | ||
ntowl | 0 | 76,009,077 | 1.29% | ||
nigerian-yogagal | 0 | 70,091,823 | 2.16% | ||
temitayo-pelumi | 0 | 1,499,043,408 | 20% | ||
andrick | 0 | 451,513,763 | 50% | ||
sweet-jenny8 | 0 | 1,168,116,370 | 7.15% | ||
yusvelasquez | 0 | 469,384,214 | 50% | ||
doctor-cog-diss | 0 | 330,782,393 | 20% | ||
alexworld | 0 | 517,037,637 | 25% | ||
gracelbm | 0 | 199,860,212 | 2.16% | ||
xiguang | 0 | 162,837,856,285 | 100% | ||
frost1903 | 0 | 49,117,953 | 50% | ||
acont | 0 | 247,200,683 | 50% | ||
niouton | 0 | 177,808,014 | 0.86% | ||
blockurator | 0 | 75,623,128 | 0.43% | ||
elimao | 0 | 352,156,827 | 100% | ||
schroders | 0 | 1,569,059,231 | 1.29% | ||
anaestrada12 | 0 | 19,950,964,630 | 100% | ||
robertyan | 0 | 290,166,259 | 4.8% | ||
steemzeiger | 0 | 1,068,476,730 | 19.8% | ||
yorgermadison | 0 | 286,349,328 | 100% | ||
alexjunior | 0 | 302,708,801 | 100% | ||
kidsreturn | 0 | 73,385,007 | 4% | ||
tydebbie | 0 | 382,524,944 | 4% | ||
moneybaby | 0 | 940,604,192 | 5% | ||
cryptocopy | 0 | 226,474,269 | 2.16% | ||
antunez25 | 0 | 352,082,360 | 100% | ||
haf67 | 0 | 312,159,694 | 100% | ||
chavas | 0 | 379,349,709 | 100% | ||
longer | 0 | 216,015,667 | 50% | ||
team-cn | 0 | 57,172,381,590 | 8% | ||
blewitt | 0 | 1,552,082,998 | 0.3% | ||
jerseymikes | 0 | 101,122,019 | 50% | ||
kafupraise | 0 | 82,342,697 | 34% | ||
biomimi | 0 | 188,024,471 | 40% | ||
ibk-gabriel | 0 | 120,772,988 | 10% | ||
scrawly | 0 | 611,182,431 | 4.32% | ||
drsensor | 0 | 1,535,319,135 | 8% | ||
coder-bts | 0 | 7,824,514,153 | 100% | ||
mirzantorres | 0 | 246,597,180 | 50% | ||
hhtb | 0 | 167,275,930 | 2.16% | ||
shortsegments | 0 | 2,849,545,747 | 2.16% | ||
redlobster | 0 | 160,936,383 | 50% | ||
angelica7 | 0 | 723,834,510 | 0.21% | ||
marcoy2j | 0 | 196,121,828 | 9.28% | ||
mrnightmare89 | 0 | 1,749,555,032 | 26% | ||
yuwen | 0 | 384,209,118 | 100% | ||
shuxue | 0 | 384,694,107 | 100% | ||
yingyu | 0 | 385,061,660 | 100% | ||
wuli | 0 | 385,061,295 | 100% | ||
huaxue | 0 | 385,061,445 | 100% | ||
purelyscience | 0 | 116,562,943 | 10% | ||
eglinson | 0 | 269,996,080 | 100% | ||
uzcateguiazambra | 0 | 367,136,814 | 100% | ||
yomismosoy | 0 | 214,282,659 | 50% | ||
casiloko | 0 | 245,078,337 | 50% | ||
dealmoon | 0 | 160,182,736 | 50% | ||
ubaldonet | 0 | 3,854,782,961 | 65% | ||
bonefish | 0 | 161,855,998 | 50% | ||
chilis | 0 | 160,805,879 | 50% | ||
xiaowucw | 0 | 223,777,864 | 8% | ||
asmeira | 0 | 417,362,602 | 100% | ||
garrillo | 0 | 276,502,081 | 100% | ||
lillywilton | 0 | 887,184,205 | 20% | ||
yestermorrow | 0 | 1,889,390,554 | 6% | ||
mary11 | 0 | 467,501,068 | 75% | ||
laiyuehta | 0 | 81,695,480 | 4.85% | ||
hansmast | 0 | 312,569,401 | 2.16% | ||
turtlegraphics | 0 | 617,772,779 | 7.19% | ||
yamibuy | 0 | 992,521,770 | 50% | ||
wallyt | 0 | 80,207,866 | 1.72% | ||
wstanley226 | 0 | 69,604,212 | 50% | ||
gpcx86 | 0 | 770,368,963 | 25% | ||
yaelg | 0 | 2,361,576,674 | 5% | ||
pfernandezpetit | 0 | 289,379,921 | 100% | ||
mgarrillogonzale | 0 | 326,917,271 | 100% | ||
rubenp | 0 | 437,856,065 | 100% | ||
jeferc | 0 | 436,887,184 | 100% | ||
steeming-hot | 0 | 0 | 0.01% | ||
clement.poiret | 0 | 206,050,285 | 4.32% | ||
teamcn-weekly | 0 | 161,767,885 | 50% | ||
teamcn-news | 0 | 280,141,444 | 50% | ||
huaren | 0 | 160,848,490 | 50% | ||
mitbbs | 0 | 161,076,765 | 50% | ||
ogsenti | 0 | 69,893,496 | 100% | ||
fran.frey | 0 | 1,814,503,771 | 50% | ||
perpetuum-lynx | 0 | 439,240,740 | 19.6% | ||
jrevilla | 0 | 175,088,976 | 50% | ||
changxiu | 0 | 108,751,505 | 4.64% | ||
annaabi | 0 | 278,914,497 | 2.16% | ||
emperorhassy | 0 | 476,271,353 | 10% | ||
moniroy | 0 | 2,085,536,902 | 50% | ||
skorup87 | 0 | 16,115,999 | 11% | ||
trang | 0 | 377,891,800 | 2.16% | ||
stem-espanol | 0 | 59,475,387,639 | 100% | ||
praditya | 0 | 1,537,490,850 | 24% | ||
kanhiyachauhan | 0 | 81,199,741 | 1% | ||
rhethypo | 0 | 132,863,111 | 2.16% | ||
antigourmet | 0 | 184,940,943 | 2.16% | ||
predict-crypto | 0 | 94,659,436 | 0.08% | ||
chickenmeat | 0 | 219,609,982 | 2.16% | ||
javier.dejuan | 0 | 4,476,200,213 | 20% | ||
witnesstools | 0 | 594,061,021 | 7.19% | ||
cherryzz | 0 | 225,810,196 | 4.64% | ||
hirally | 0 | 368,700,888 | 100% | ||
emynb | 0 | 280,747,282 | 100% | ||
fanta-steem | 0 | 667,152,585 | 30% | ||
reverseacid | 0 | 239,703,452 | 2.16% | ||
giulyfarci52 | 0 | 1,096,623,816 | 50% | ||
ilovecoding | 0 | 589,346,515 | 7.19% | ||
alvin0617 | 0 | 289,959,979 | 2.16% | ||
stem.witness | 0 | 16,925,419,197 | 20% | ||
sarhugo | 0 | 72,917,728 | 2.16% | ||
starrouge | 0 | 147,106,446 | 9% | ||
steemfuckeos | 0 | 371,558,946 | 7.19% | ||
alex-hm | 0 | 924,367,128 | 50% | ||
eugenialobo | 0 | 416,168,404 | 100% | ||
ballesteroj | 0 | 303,285,130 | 100% | ||
jcmontilva | 0 | 384,544,549 | 100% | ||
rodriguezr | 0 | 322,389,735 | 100% | ||
marbely20 | 0 | 363,128,745 | 100% | ||
moyam | 0 | 438,462,239 | 100% | ||
emilycg | 0 | 317,338,829 | 100% | ||
darys | 0 | 385,931,644 | 100% | ||
sibaja | 0 | 390,248,599 | 100% | ||
balcej | 0 | 438,401,942 | 100% | ||
lmanjarres | 0 | 374,994,733 | 100% | ||
anaka | 0 | 439,337,294 | 100% | ||
benhurg | 0 | 438,466,993 | 100% | ||
judisa | 0 | 439,873,965 | 100% | ||
juddarivv | 0 | 438,462,140 | 100% | ||
mariamo | 0 | 342,513,988 | 100% | ||
kimmorales | 0 | 377,759,447 | 100% | ||
loraine25 | 0 | 362,802,816 | 100% | ||
kingnosa | 0 | 51,718,085 | 50% | ||
ascorphat | 0 | 1,737,486,068 | 2.5% | ||
cnstm | 0 | 194,288,938,660 | 18% | ||
likuang007 | 0 | 648,546,719 | 18% | ||
cameravisual | 0 | 6,219,880,638 | 50% | ||
amin-ove | 0 | 86,587,002 | 50% | ||
lianjingmedia | 0 | 108,286,968 | 18% | ||
eternalsuccess | 0 | 526,736,625 | 4.32% | ||
goodcontentbot | 0 | 17,209,957 | 50% | ||
huilco | 0 | 362,064,360 | 100% | ||
hanyseek | 0 | 4,176,309 | 25% | ||
herculean | 0 | 62,959,183 | 50% | ||
combatsports | 0 | 1,533,911,867 | 4.32% | ||
jent | 0 | 294,326,801 | 70% | ||
hozn4ukhlytriwc | 0 | 124,921,717 | 15% | ||
steemean | 0 | 255,968,934 | 10% | ||
donasys | 0 | 52,383,401 | 50% | ||
mtfmohammad | 0 | 99,187,316 | 25% | ||
cleiver | 0 | 51,709,533 | 50% | ||
chrisluke | 0 | 91,323,189 | 26% | ||
joannar | 0 | 114,621,883 | 25% | ||
pflanzenlilly | 0 | 247,735,813 | 50% | ||
sapphire.app | 0 | 301,859,246 | 50% | ||
cnbuddy-cnstm | 0 | 4,519,092,233 | 18% | ||
nicephoto | 0 | 3,101,071,521 | 3.45% | ||
naturalproducts | 0 | 699,185,031 | 25% | ||
gutenmorganism | 0 | 833,173,086 | 50% | ||
faberleggenda | 0 | 384,239,519 | 100% | ||
mohaaking | 0 | 99,129,051 | 50% | ||
gustavoagt | 0 | 174,229,293 | 97% | ||
tina3721 | 0 | 401,544,774 | 4.64% | ||
vaccinusveritas | 0 | 6,567,205,976 | 50% | ||
lionsmane | 0 | 20,357,179 | 1% | ||
sembdelgado | 0 | 46,806,818 | 50% | ||
slingshot | 0 | 7,421,945,392 | 15% | ||
windenchanter | 0 | 6,050,769,867 | 100% | ||
cjmoney | 0 | 51,265,013 | 50% | ||
t750 | 0 | 50,705,118 | 50% | ||
cojp | 0 | 14,686,502 | 50% | ||
descalante | 0 | 140,730,500 | 50% |
感谢代理20.04SP 给team-cn! 你的帖子获得team-cn 8% 点赞!(如果不想看到这个回复,请回复“取消”)
post_id | 73,573,629 |
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root_title | 【cn-stem】相对论性聚光效应——修正我对黑洞照片亮度不对称的观点。 |
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<div class='text-justify'> <div class='pull-left'> <center> <br /> <img width='200' src='https://res.cloudinary.com/drrz8xekm/image/upload/v1553698283/weenlqbrqvvczjy6dayw.jpg'> </center> <br/> </div> This post has been voted on by the **SteemSTEM** curation team and voting trail. It is elligible for support from <b><a href='https://www.steemstem.io/#!/@curie'>@curie</a></b>.<br /> If you appreciate the work we are doing, then consider supporting our witness [**stem.witness**](https://steemconnect.com/sign/account_witness_vote?approve=1&witness=stem.witness). Additional witness support to the [**curie witness**](https://steemconnect.com/sign/account_witness_vote?approve=1&witness=curie) would be appreciated as well.<br /> For additional information please join us on the [**SteemSTEM discord**]( https://discord.gg/BPARaqn) and to get to know the rest of the community!<br /> Please consider setting <b><a href='https://www.steemstem.io/#!/@steemstem'>@steemstem</a></b> as a beneficiary to your post to get a stronger support.<br /> Please consider using the <b><a href='https://www.steemstem.io'>steemstem.io</a></b> app to get a stronger support.</div>
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