Water management system known as Water Treatment. There are several stages of water management to be done so that the water can be said to be feasible to use.
Processing Unit (Water Treatment)
In this unit, water from the initial storage unit is processed through several stages:
a. Coagulation Stage
At this stage, water originating from the initial storage is processed by adding a chemical substance (alum) or a similar substance such as salt iron or by using Rapid Mixing system. Water is dirty or cloudy generally because it contains a variety of colloidal particles that are not affected by the force of gravity that can not settle by itself. The purpose of this stage is to destroy the colloid particles (which cause the cloudy water) to form small particles but still difficult to settle by itself.
b. Phase Flocculation (Flocculation)
Flocculation process is the process of removal of water turbidity by means of clumping of particles to be made larger particles (Flok particles). At this stage, small particles contained in water are agglomerated into larger particles (Flok) so they can settle by themselves (due to gravity) in the next process. Flocculation process is done by slow stirring (Slow Mixing).
c. Sedimentation stage
At this stage the floc particles settle naturally in the shelter base because the density is larger than the water element. Then the water is streamed into the filtration stage in the Filtration Unit.
d. Filtration Stage
At this stage water is filtered through a filter medium composed of materials usually in the form of sand and silica gravel. This process is aimed at removing dissolved and dissolved ingredients.
Generally after going through this filtration process the water goes directly to the End Shelter unit. But to improve water quality sometimes needed additional process, such as:
- Ion Exchange Process (Ion Exchange)
The ion exchange process aims to remove inorganic contaminants that can not be eliminated by filtration or sedimentation processes. The ion exchange process is also used to remove arsenic, chromium, excess fluoride, nitrate, radium, and uranium.
- Absorption Process
This process aims to absorb / remove organic zar pollutants, compounds that cause flavor, odor and color. Usually by applying powdered activated carbon into the water.
- Disinfection Process (Disinfection)
Before entering the Final Shelter unit, water through the Disinfection Process first. Namely the process of affixing Chlorine chemicals aimed at killing bacteria or harmful microorganisms contained in the water.
![image](https://img.esteem.ws/r62dx30w03.jpg)
![image](https://img.esteem.ws/h7z0tdqoup.jpg)
![image](https://img.esteem.ws/lr5rypa906.jpg)