在我们上一篇文章[对比一下ecdsa与secp256k1-py从私钥生成公钥](https://steemit.com/python/@oflyhigh/ecdsa-secp256k1-py)中,我们介绍了由私钥通过ecdsa以及secp256k1-py生成公钥的代码。 其中ecdsa生成公钥的代码是我从steem-python库中扒出来的,咳咳,一直挺好用的,我也就懒得看它具体是咋做的啦。 ![](https://steemitimages.com/DQmUwfJKhimmg8ukGkeEpdAaKKyRjb6xWdnanTKvGTCbbGq/image.png) (图源 :[pixabay](https://pixabay.com)) # ecdsa 生成校验Key(VerifyingKey) 但是今天看ecdsa,发现从签名Key(SigningKey)生成校验Key(VerifyingKey)还是很方便的。比如拿我们之前用Hello World生成的私钥,那么生成校验Key(VerifyingKey)的代码如下: ``` import ecdsa from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify secret = 'a591a6d40bf420404a011733cfb7b190d62c65bf0bcda32b57b277d9ad9f146e' sk = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_string(unhexlify(secret), curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1) vk = sk.get_verifying_key() print(hexlify(vk.to_string()).decode()) ``` 以字符串形式输入如下: >98c39ac0d91ff4cea6e79ae5836e50868c47191bca0fbfd2a6838d303665f506ad0a9ccb60c7758ce4c2759b8f7b0f731f0d8d90caf3778c4a65a0c53cf94210 https://steemitimages.com/0x0/https://steemitimages.com/DQmYD2wXWcJob67CwAVr1aaiS5pzmT2pWdva6Lx1vRUjqqy/image.png 对比公钥压缩流程,可知 https://steemitimages.com/0x0/https://steemitimages.com/DQmfQFYDtexuAT9x1ELJZJ4oboBUrbLDfkmuz6NvEytvCPT/image.png ecdsa输出的字符串就是把x, y串接到一起。 也就是说,如果vk.to_string()加上个参数format,分别是raw、compressed、uncompressed比较易于理解了。 # ecdsa 生成公钥 知道了上述事实,在看我们之前使用ecdsa生成公钥的代码,就觉得可读性太差了。 ``` import ecdsa from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify secret = unhexlify('a591a6d40bf420404a011733cfb7b190d62c65bf0bcda32b57b277d9ad9f146e') order = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_string(secret, curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1).curve.generator.order() p = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_string(secret, curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1).verifying_key.pubkey.point x_str = ecdsa.util.number_to_string(p.x(), order) y_str = ecdsa.util.number_to_string(p.y(), order) compressed = hexlify(bytes(chr(2 + (p.y() & 1)), 'ascii') + x_str).decode('ascii') uncompressed = hexlify(bytes(chr(4), 'ascii') + x_str + y_str).decode('ascii') print(compressed) print(uncompressed) ``` 为了生成公钥,我们需要知道以下要素: * SigningKey: 可由私钥生成 * order: 由我们指定的曲线生成 * p:公钥点 那么我们把上述代码改进为更加便于阅读的方式: ``` import ecdsa from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify secret = unhexlify('a591a6d40bf420404a011733cfb7b190d62c65bf0bcda32b57b277d9ad9f146e') ``` 导入必要的库以及指定私钥 ``` sk = ecdsa.SigningKey.from_string(unhexlify(secret), curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1) vk = sk.get_verifying_key() ``` 由私钥生成SigningKey,并进而生成VerifyingKey ``` order = ecdsa.SECP256k1.generator.order() p = vk.pubkey.point ``` 取出order和p (order还可以从order = vk.pubkey.order语句获得) ``` x_str = ecdsa.util.number_to_string(p.x(), order) y_str = ecdsa.util.number_to_string(p.y(), order) ``` 生成点p的x和y 剩下的就和我们之前的代码没什么区别了。 # 由VerifyingKey生成的字符串生成公钥 在文章开头,我们用 >print(hexlify(vk.to_string()).decode()) 生成了VerifyingKey的字符串表示,也就是x_str+y_str 那么能否从这个字符串生成公钥呢? 一种方式是从字符串生成VerifyingKey,再用我们上述方法生成公钥。 而另外一种方式是直接将字符串拆分成x部和y部 `vk_b = unhexlify(vk_str)` `xs = vk_b[:ecdsa.SECP256k1.baselen]` `ys = vk_b[ecdsa.SECP256k1.baselen:]` 剩下的步骤就不用多说啦。 # 结论 Python ECDSA是 ECDSA的纯Python实现,尽管速度要慢一些(相比ECDSA的C++实现),但是还是相当好玩的。 # 相关文章 * https://github.com/warner/python-ecdsa * [secp256k1-py 安装以及命令行操作](https://steemit.com/python/@oflyhigh/secp256k1-py) * [温故而知新 /比特币(Bitcoin)有关的 Base58 & Base58Check、私钥(Private KEY)、公钥(Public KEY)、地址(Address)](https://steemit.com/cn/@oflyhigh/bitcoin-base58-and-base58check-private-key-public-key-address)
post_id | 25,972,713 |
---|---|
author | oflyhigh |
permlink | ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "format": "markdown", "links": ["https://steemit.com/python/@oflyhigh/ecdsa-secp256k1-py", "https://pixabay.com", "https://github.com/warner/python-ecdsa", "https://steemit.com/python/@oflyhigh/secp256k1-py", "https://steemit.com/cn/@oflyhigh/bitcoin-base58-and-base58check-private-key-public-key-address"], "image": ["https://steemitimages.com/DQmUwfJKhimmg8ukGkeEpdAaKKyRjb6xWdnanTKvGTCbbGq/image.png"], "tags": ["python", "python-ecdsa", "ecdsa", "cn-programming", "cn"]}" |
created | 2018-01-16 05:59:21 |
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Nice post beautiful presented and explained. detail oriented with nice information. thank you for sharing
post_id | 25,972,905 |
---|---|
author | deybala |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t060047045z |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["python"]}" |
created | 2018-01-16 06:00:51 |
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When I look at your post is very interesting and useful. The proof of many people who upvote your post.
post_id | 25,975,430 |
---|---|
author | syarol |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t062144458z |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["python"]}" |
created | 2018-01-16 06:21:45 |
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nice bro!!
post_id | 25,976,181 |
---|---|
author | iqbalvisitatjeh |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t062802597z |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["python"]}" |
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It seems very useful, but I don't understand them. Still, thank your sharing. Upvote you already.
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author | enjoyy |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t063601761z |
category | python |
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Wow your post is very educative, am following now. Thanks for this post
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author | grace234 |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t070015755z |
category | python |
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這位猿人,您還是說中文吧!
post_id | 25,985,324 |
---|---|
author | deanliu |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t074132187z |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["python"]}" |
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非常好的文章萨拉姆知道
post_id | 25,986,042 |
---|---|
author | rizal91 |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t074734454z |
category | python |
json_metadata | "{"app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["python"]}" |
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That is the best post in Steemit.. now I vote for you.. nice? :)
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permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t083121684z |
category | python |
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doctor.steemit | 0 | 218,874,589 | 100% |
GOOD POST THANKS
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author | dadasss |
permlink | re-oflyhigh-ecdsa-signingkey-verifyingkey-20180116t090051895z |
category | python |
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good post my friend
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category | python |
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