Yesterday, I wrote a post and referenced a famous scene from a somewhat historical movie of *<a href="https://steemit.com/steemit/@tarazkp/part-of-the-club-or-else">William Wallace</a>*, the Scottish hero. In the movie Wallace screams 'Freeee-dooomm!' before charging into battle against the English. Do you know the movie? Of course you do, it is Braveheart. What I had written was: >At this point you can imagine William Wallace shouting Freedom! ;) What is interesting to me is a comment that came: >Now I have the snippet of Mel Gibson hollerin' "Freeeedooommmm" in my head (@tinajordan) When I wrote William Wallace, I too had an image of Mel Gibson with a painted blue face, hand raised, shouting in front of the men he would lead into battle. When we watch historical movies, it is very easy to substitute the actor for the actual figure. Mel Gibson becomes William Wallace, Kirsten Dunst become Marie Antoinette and Ben Kingsley is Gandhi in the psyche.<div class="pull-right">http://images.mentalfloss.com/sites/default/files/411363.jpg?resize=1100x740</div> What I wonder is, how much effect this has on knowledge and understanding of history. Historical movies themselves are dramatisations of history and include and omit a great deal of detail in order to condense a generally very complex event or life into a couple of hours. Timelines are rearranged and details written in to jump across gaps that are too laborious to explain in entirety. I have written little about internal narratives lately and what this does is change the held narrative about an event that actually took place. Depending on the illusory success of the film, an audience member can profoundly change their perspective on an issue or at least raise doubt in their held beliefs. For example, the Oliver Stone 'JFK' would likely raise doubts in the mind of someone who takes the 'no conspiracy' line. Although it may not dislodge it, it would rattle the cage a little. But, it need not be an accurate representation of events at all and could be plagued with factual errors and inconsistencies through the magic of editing and rewrites. But, poor representations and errors presented well are just as compelling as factual representations and when it comes to blockbuster films, many more will see the movie rather than read a historical account in text (not that they are necessarily accurate either). This psychological replacement of historical characters and by extension their life stories, can completely change a public's account of events. For example, many American's seem to hold the belief that the US won in Vietnam when the reality is very different. I am not a historian on the matter but I wonder if some people's confusion is due to the majority of movies about the Vietnam war being depictions of isolated events and battles that the American's beat the odds to win.<div class="pull-right">http://moviemezzanine.com/wp-content/uploads/roses10.jpg</div> Which then leads into the issues that a movie's representation is generally tweaked for the market segment it is aimed at so a historical movie made for an American audience could be vastly different than one made for example a Vietnamese audience. What would be interesting would be if one writer/directer created two movies for two separate audiences on the one event. What would get changed for each to be a 'blockbuster'? This replacement therapy that closes gaps in knowledge (however inaccurate) can completely shift a groups understanding of events, cultures and a whole range of life altering decision making. Would there be as many people wanting to be lawyers if the TV dramas depicted the generally bland life of paperwork? If I go to California beaches, does it look like a set of Baywatch where everyone is beautiful and fit? These narrative changes are of course not limited to historical events far in the past, they can be applied to every day events and disasters by companies, governments and media that want to spin the story. For example, the heartbreaking image of Alan Kurdi, the 3 year old drowned boy washed up on the beach with face in the sand, became the image to stir compassion to the plight of illegal immigrants entering Europe. As heartbreaking as the story is, it is also not the entire story but as humans, we tend to take a small piece, extrapolate it out and make large decisions. The powers that be, whoever they are around the world, understand this very well and can create a 'face of' for any disaster depending on the circumstance by taking a snapshot of an event to support their view, frame it accordingly and then repeat it over and over until it becomes the held narrative in the collective mind. Other groups can reframe the same event in a completely different light to support their own agendas. There is really no way around this it seems as the soundbite and powerful image sells well so the only way to combat this is at the individual level. This means to recognise when these strong replacements arise and accept that there is likely an agenda behind it, even if one agrees with the view. Perhaps even more so when one agrees as confirmation bias is usually heavily at play. Perhaps recognising this will encourage someone to look at alternate views as well to see if there are discrepancies in the accounts.<div class="pull-right">https://readingatrecess.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/gandhi.png</div> The human mind and by extension the actions runs on the stories it holds and I therefore think it is very important to have some agency over how these stories are created and manipulated or at least understood in some way as to how they come about and what changing them may do. Not all changes are bad, but not all are good either. Allowing an external force with an agenda free reign over the narrative within is a lot of power to hand over and is very risky for the individual, and the collective. This topic could be a book if it is not already and this post is severely lacking in many ways but hopefully is enough to get people thinking a little about these things. There are a lot of movements across the spectrum and it seems that many support or reject based on a very abridged perspective of the arguments held within but this does not stop them fighting tooth and nail for something and protesting in the streets for or against things they have only 'seen the movie' about. Are they sure that the characters that represent their cause are an accurate depiction? Do they understand the nuances, complications and what may be in the gaps of their knowledge? Before resorting to violence or the shouting down of speakers before they speak, do you think they should? Taraz [ a Steemit original ] http://i.imgur.com/pAcUAzX.png Images: <a href="http://images.mentalfloss.com/sites/default/files/411363.jpg?resize=1100x740">1</a> | <a href="http://moviemezzanine.com/wp-content/uploads/roses10.jpg">2</a> | <a href="https://www.google.fi/search?q=ben+kingsley+gandhi&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjItuCX8OrVAhVGCpoKHcFXAa8Q_AUICigB&biw=1920&bih=901#imgrc=TR1wbwv09onBDM:">3</a>
post_id | 10,765,686 |
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author | tarazkp |
permlink | history-replacement-therapy |
category | philosophy |
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One of the coolest things I have seen is this infographic that I think applies to your post. http://i.imgur.com/6eUoctT.png It show public opinion (in France?? not sure) on what country was most responsible for defeating Germany in World War 2. As you can see in 1945 the soviets where given most of the credit, but after time and under the influence of popular culture, and the near endless movies and tv shows depicting world war, mostly from the point of view of Americans. Due to the fact that popular culture has been dominated by the US, through it's movies and it's tv shows. Most people that study history would agree that russia played the biggest part in defeating germany, but movies have now rewrote history, modern history at that, imagine what effect it has of more distant history
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Thank you, that illustrates it very well. History is constantly being rewritten in our minds, even our own (another post perhaps) and we lived it. It is very interesting I think how massive groups of people can be shifted in opinion relatively quickly.
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Movies, like books, are record keeping medium that can be manipulated to serve a function. It is interesting that while the audio-visual moving pictures are fantastic vehicle for preservation and dissemination of information, it has primarily been used in either entertainment or propaganda. Movies are entirely fictional, and though one can glean the underlying message of the production, it seems foolish to consider the plot of a fiction to be historical fact. The clever marketing or semantic manipulation of "based on true story" seems to confuse the public. The movie "Braveheart" is based on historical event of Scot-English war, but nothing in that movie is factual. The movie "Revenant" also based on an actual event, but 99% of that movie is pure fantasy. I think the correct approach to any motion picture is to engage it with the same attitude as one would engage a vampire story.
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You are right of course and it is goes hand in hand with your post about the writers of history. There is very little way to actually get a 'factual account' even one one is there as personal position and biases will of course play a role. I am more interested in the manipulations that are possible, not just in movies of course but in general narrative changes. The reframing of celebrities and politicians to swing opinions is very hard to filter as they are targeted and reinforced across so many levels. It ends up being that my view is the correct view and I can even justify why, even if it is complete nonsense. I am reminded again of a vampire post I should write...
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True, the biases in history are due to our limited capacity to grasp all the necessary variables, although in some cases, the bias is intentional. I recall reading a statement about we filter the past through the lens of our current circumstance, or something to that regard. I think historical accounts and analysis inform more about the psychology and values of the writer and his academic circle than the actual events.
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The study of Historiography was one of my favorite in college. "The History of Writing Down History" we called it. Amazing to learn the politics behind what gets written down and what doesn't.
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Frank Herbert wrote something about that. We write factual and anecdotal information regarding armies marching, assassins plotting, ministers plotting, but neglect the story of the peasants working their fields. In a sense, our "history" is just the story of the elite bickering over the juiciest meat on the table.
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William Wallace would not have worn a kilt, kilts came about later in history, apparently he actually would have worn an orange robe type thing. From what I have heard, most of the film is fiction.
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of course it is. I am not arguing that any film is 'actually' factual but the depiction as such reinforces a mental bias. It would have been a different kind of movie if he was dressed like a Hare Krishna follower at the airport.
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π
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William Wallace would have been fighting for the English crown for the first half of the movie, as he was a mercenary captain who was in the employ of the English. He won one battle, after he signed a new contract with the Scots, under another Scottish leader. And the whole "Freeeeeeddddoooooom!" nonsense; I am sure conscription was not yet widespread during this time, so the only ones fighting would be standing armies and mercenaries auxiliaries. The only battle-cry would have been "hold back, we don't get paid if we die!" The only factual statement in the movie was Edward I stating, "arrows cost money, the dead cost nothing."
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Since you're referencing movies (and one of my favourites, for obvious reasons) I'd like to add 'Wag The Dog' with Robert De Niro and Dustin Hoffman. An example of how history isn't just re-written after the fact but during the fact and even when there is no fact. :) There are many protests around the world these days but increasingly there are many 'protest for hire' companies now also and there are many acts of terror being carried out but also many 'Crisis Actor' supply companies. The reference to movies is a modern one but it should make people think about other means of communication and the broadcasting of ideas before the introduction of the moving picture and question if what history in its entirety tells us about historical figures. Winston Churchill for example is a relatively recent historical figure who is well presented by historical documentation but is also quoted as saying ''History shall be kind to me, for I shall be the one who writes it!'' (or something along those lines) and he did. :) Further research might show that he was not the man he is now considered to be though and this exaample can be exxtrapolated back further and becomes more obscured with time and could lead to questions of whether these people actually existed at all or whether they have been posthumously added the the historical script to support some yet to be discovered false narrative. :) How's that for conspiracy theory? :)
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I haven't seen 'wag the dog', I don't know why as it was always on my list. I question most historical figures as the accounts are told by non-common people generally invested in some kind of position. I think if one could witness firsthand but not as an actor within, many stories would change drastically.
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I love this post. Anyone who studies history knows that there is always more to the story. In fact, I would wager that much of what we believe we know about history is wrong, or missing relevant information. The truth is that most of what we are taught about history is merely the accepted primary cause and the end result of various events. Given the extraordinary number of factors both known and unknown, it would be virtually impossible to portray every event in history as completely accurate. There are things that are impossible to know, such as the actual motivation of a historical figure since they are no longer around to ask. Also, there is a tendency to apply judgements on history based on modern day morality and values. I think that is wrong. If you look far back in the history of the world, there have been many dark times where things happened that today we find completely unacceptable; however, we need to remember that in the beginning, most humans' primary goal was simply survival. There was not always the luxury of finding deeper meaning and morality in day to day life. As humankind has developed, it has progressively become more civilized (for the most part), but I don't think that it is right for us to look back sitting in an air conditioned Starbucks sipping a latte and condemn a neanderthal for clubbing another neanderthal to death for trying to steal his food. Humans are still animals at the most basic level. Our nature is geared towards survival above all else. Watch National Geographic or Animal Planet and watch footage of a lion or a pack of jackals taking down an elk. It is hard for some of use to watch. Natural is cruel by design and favors the strong. Humans are no different and it is a tribute to our intelligence and civility that we have learned to protect the weak instead of dominating them as our animal nature urges us to do. This got longer than I wanted it to, so I will just finish by saying that I think it is absurdity that people today are so angry over the past when the world was much different than it is today. It is like blaming an infant for crapping in its diaper. Humanity has grown up and still continues to mature and become better. This quote is one of my favorites: Learn from Yesterday Live for Today Pray for Tomorrow
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Times have indeed changed and human nature is unlikely to have kept up despite our best appearances. I do not think nature is cruel, I think it is indifferent, it throws random things together and sees what makes it through. It isn't always the strong, but the adaptable to the environment. I read that Neanderthals were stronger and likely smarter than us but couldn't communicate well enough to develop larger communities. This meant 'we' won through numbers. It is a long comment, turn it into a post, you are half done :)
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By the way, by the sounds of things, you may enjoy some of the writings of @soo.chong163
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A perfect example of this is Che. I remember when "The Motorcycle Diaries" came out while I was in college, every liberal girl I knew was in love with it. An attractive guy was cast as a young Che Guevara, who drove through South America with his buddies, seeing the result of oppressive governments & how this shaped the views of a young Che. Of course, I then had to listen to these girls lecture me about how great of revolutionary Che became, totally ignoring part of his "views" contained murder and racism. This lack of actual historical context and a refusal to absorb new information about your "heroes", is how we have so many Marxists in the streets.
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Heroes are an illusion of the mind projecting idealistic traits onto someone we have judged worthy. Reality may tell a different story if reality was possible to grasp. Yes, there are some misguided people walking the streets all over the world thinking they are enlightened.
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> There is really no way around this it seems as the soundbite and powerful image sells well so **the only way to combat this is at the individual level.** Β‘Yes indeed! Only & exclusively at **personal & individual level,** we'd have a remote chance to combat our **intrinsic ignorance.** > Perhaps recognising this will encourage someone to look at **alternate views** as well to see if there are discrepancies in the accounts. Unless, that we always be happily willing to exchange positions with everyone else. That we always be happy to switch perspectives. That we'll always have a desire in cultivate a disposition to swap optics. That we always nurture a healthy curiosity to watch things from every angle possible. **Alternate views,** from right & left, **dexter & sinister,** up & down, back & forth, from here & beyond and so on... ### It is more than likely, that we will never know where the hell we are standing in this everlasting illusory life. }:) ![Optics.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmbt87MincDF353KkUGr1sKPUc42rLxokwHTwVx4GDi2AX/Optics.jpg)
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Or remove the ego completely and assume all positions simultaneously. :)
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In fact, there is no room for the ego in these circumstances. ;)
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