文成公主远嫁吐蕃 by zhangyanxie

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· @zhangyanxie ·
$13.52
文成公主远嫁吐蕃
 
唐朝时,吐蕃政权在西南高原地区崛起。吐蕃人过着游牧生活,饲养骆驼、马、猪、牦牛,有时也种植荞麦和青稞。松赞干布继位成为吐蕃的赞普(吐蕃国王)后,将青藏高原上的各个部落统一起来,建立起一个实力强大的王国。
 
公元638年,松赞干布率领吐蕃大军向位于唐朝西南边防的松州(今四川松潘)发动袭击,攻破松州城。
 
唐太宗李世民知道这件事后非常愤怒,立即派大将侯君集率领大军前往松州。侯君集来到松州后,在松州城下给予吐蕃军队以致命的打击,松赞干布只得派遣使者去长安求和。松赞干布看到唐朝的强大,便心生仰慕之情。他除了上书向唐太宗谢罪之外,还向唐朝求婚。
 
其实,松赞干布并不是第一个主动请求与唐朝和亲的少数民族首领。在他之前,很多其他少数民族首领都向唐朝求过亲,他们希望借此来加强与唐朝的亲密联系,缓解民族间的矛盾。为了防止少数民族侵扰唐朝边疆,唐太宗也愿意与他们和亲。
 
此次面对松赞干布的求亲,唐太宗考虑之后,答应了他的请求。唐太宗选择了一位端庄高贵,而且文化素养很高的皇族姑娘,把她封为“文成公主”,让她去吐蕃与松赞干布和亲。
 
公元641年冬天,文成公主在礼部尚书、江夏郡王李道宗的护送下,前往吐蕃和亲。之所以把出发的时间选在冬季,是因为从长安到西藏,需要经过几条水流湍急的大河,冬天时水流平缓,利于通行。这支和亲队伍中既有陪嫁的侍女,还有一批乐师、农技人员、文士;不仅携带着绫罗绸缎、金银珠宝等嫁妆,还携带了大量的乐器、绢帛、粮食种子,以及儒家经典、音乐、天文、医药等方面的书籍。
 

文成公主入藏壁画 吐蕃
 
顶风冒雪走了一个多月后,春天到来的时候,这支和亲队伍来到了黄河的发源地河源。那里气候宜人,覆盖着大量绿色植物,牛羊成群结队地活动。文成公主看到这番景象之后,心情大为舒畅。她原本一直担心吐蕃气候环境恶劣,自己难以适应,此时她才放下心来。
 
松赞干布按照唐朝的礼仪,亲自从吐蕃都城逻些(今西藏自治区拉萨)赶到河源,迎接文成公主。见到唐朝使者李道宗之后,松赞干布向他跪拜行礼。松赞干布的态度表明,他已经把唐朝当成了天朝上国。
 
此后,松赞干布带着文成公主,在和亲队伍的前后簇拥下,回到了逻些城。藏历四月十五日那天,在李道宗的主持下,松赞干布与文成公主举行了一场隆重的婚礼。值得一提的是,这场婚礼是按大唐的礼节进行的,这也表明了松赞干布对文成公主的尊重,对唐朝的敬意。逻些城里的百姓像过节那样载歌载舞,向两位新人送上最美好的祝愿。松赞干布非常激动地说:“我的族人,我的父亲,从来没有与天朝上国通婚的先例,今天我与大唐的公主结为夫妻,实在是一大幸事。我要为公主修建一座美轮美奂的宫殿,以便让后代铭记这件事。”
 
不久之后,松赞干布就派人按照唐朝宫殿的样式,在逻些城里为文成公主修建了一座华丽的宫殿——布达拉宫。
 
为了能与文成公主更好地交流,松赞干布努力向文成公主学习汉语,还将他穿惯了的皮裘脱下,将文成公主亲手为他缝制的唐装穿在身上。他与文成公主虽然来自不同民族,但是他们能够和睦相处,互敬互爱,因此生活过得非常愉快。公元650年,松赞干布去世,文成公主继续留在吐蕃,为汉藏两族百姓的文化交流而努力。她请求唐朝派出优秀的工匠帮吐蕃百姓建设,让随从人员把耕种的方法教授给当地百姓,还热情接待了很多从吐蕃前往印度学佛的僧人。
 
文成公主与松赞干布和亲,促进了汉藏两族的交流汉族的建筑、造纸、冶金、纺织、制陶等先进生产技术,以及医药方法等都传到了藏族地区。同时,藏族的很多文化也被汉族文化吸收。直到今天,文成公主和松赞干布的塑像还被供奉在拉萨的布达拉宫和大昭寺内。

# 本帖 steem 首发  
[  文成公主远嫁吐蕃](https://steemit.com/@zhangyanxie/20201020wen)  

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created2020-10-20 14:53:48
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vote details (183)
@ezvote ·
re-zhangyanxie-20201020wen-20201024t213648200z
###### 24.00% | From: @zhangyanxie!
---
<center>
###### [Looking for a new project/investment?](https://steemit.com/steem/@ezvote/extra-steem-power-is-it-sitting-idly-want-it-to-earn-for-you-have-something-you-want-promoted-just-looking-for-something-new)
</center>
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@hnt ·
[本帖中](/@zhangyanxie/20201020wen)  , @hnt 作为受益人获得奖励 : [6.877 $ + 0.0 STEEM + 43.26 SP = 86.241 STEEM = 13.799 $](https://steemworld.org/block/48087338/virtual/4294967295/132) , 因此 @hnt 保留 5%(4.312 STEEM) 作为费用 , 并且支付本帖作者 81.929 STEEM . 谢谢使用 @hnt 的流动性服务 ! <br> [ 详细说明 ... ](https://steemit.com/@hnt/cn-note-liquify)
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