Historical development of Philosophy by godflesh

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· @godflesh · (edited)
$41.33
Historical development of Philosophy
Philosophy is a science of the universal laws of being and the thinking of man in the process of knowledge. A fundamental issue of philosophy as a separate science is the problem of the attitude of thinking towards being. Thus any philosophical system represents a specifically developed solution to this question. Western philosophy arises in ancient Greece as a complete system of knowledge of the existing world and man. The founder of philosophy is Thales, who lived at the end of the seventh and early sixth centuries BC. Trying to predict where all things come from, he uses the concept of the root cause. On this basis he accepts the water. Ancient philosophers at Socrates were called physicists or naturalists, and their philosophy was known as "naturophilosophy."

- Nature - for the first philosophers, this is the divine beginning of being and the life of all things;
- Space - according to Pythagorean followers, the numbers are the basis of order;
- Genesis (what exists) - for some philosophers, being is unified, for others - spherical, for others - unborn and indestructible;
- Logos (word, reason, norm, principle, speech);
- Cosmology - this is an area of ​​knowledge that explores the origin and structure of space.

![6a00d83451aec269e201b7c8c1484e970b-800wi.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmcorNXtymMFjKgCu5QcmGMZgt55zT4pr4rMpJqR5M7h6p/6a00d83451aec269e201b7c8c1484e970b-800wi.jpg)

In the course of the development of society and the accumulation of scientific knowledge, a process of separation of the different sciences from philosophy has taken place. Thus it has become an independent science. In its development, different strands emerged, some of them independent, which formed themselves as separate sciences but maintained their connection with philosophy. Such are logic, ethics, aesthetics, psychology, sociology and others.


European philosophy is the oldest systematized knowledge. It has an extremely complex history that is both a history of the development of philosophical ideas and a history of building philosophy as a specific kind of knowledge as a particular phenomenon of spiritual culture. When examining the history of philosophy and the history of science, there is another difference between these two distinct parts of knowledge. After being severed from philosophy, the history of science represents a history of the growing volume of theoretical knowledge. This is a history of the improvement of the methods of research, the history of the deepening and the specialization of the subject of study of science. Three strands have been formed in the methodology and history of science. First, the image of science changes with the change in its subject area. These changes cause changes in the theory and methods of research. The second strand assumes that the changes in the methods of research lead to an increasing specialization of the subject, its subject area. In addition, the change in methods leads to changes in the theory. The third strand gives precedence to the structural changes of the theory, from which it follows also changes in the methods and in the subject area.

![Grecia_1.jpg](https://steemitimages.com/DQmXWDfpvaj45P4kgn72mN6fEHAhpmScPV6hisFvQuVyoCa/Grecia_1.jpg)

# The specificity of philosophical history

The history of philosophy is in a radically different way than the history of science. Fundamental leading changes in the development of philosophy are due to the addition of a whole set of problems. The history of philosophy is a history of the construction of its subject matter. The addition of a new problematic system to philosophy plays the role of a revolutionary coup in it. In its history, philosophy has gone through 4 revolutions to enrich its subject to arrive at its final fit. The history of philosophy goes through the following four stages, marked as 4 great philosophical initiatives. Philosophy is shaped as a distinct from the mythology spiritual phenomenon in the 6th century before the New Age. The first interest of philosophy was nature as the existence of absolute integrity, of the cosmos. In the notions of the old Greeks, cosmos is not everything, but the harmonious existence of the absolute whole.
- Ontology - Science of Being. This first philosophical initiative seeks to explain the enormous variety of phenomena in nature.
- Anthropology (science of the essence, the meaning of human life). It is reflected in the sudden change in the interest of philosophers from nature to man. The main person is Socrates.
- The third great initiative is related to the priority interest in knowledge (gnosiology). The initiative was launched by Rene Descartes and Francis Beckham. Until then, the philosophy was interested in the knowledge of being, man, but with this initiative, the main object of knowledge becomes knowledge itself. True knowledge requires interference in nature, practical attitude towards the world.
- Entrepreneurial Initiative - Ends a classical period of philosophy. The post-graduate period starts - it goes through two phases. One - the history of philosophy of the 19th century, the other - the history of 20th century philosophy.

The names of these two phases are conditional. They do not coincide with the calendar boundaries of the two centuries. The philosophy of the 19th century occupies the 40's of the 19th century and ends the 20's of the 20th century. The 20th century philosophy dates back to the 20's of the 20th century and continues to this days.

Image source: [1](https://www.scoopnest.com/es/user/CulturaColectiv/655168874489380864-descarga-gratis-las-obras-completas-de-los-grandes-filosofos), [2](http://hdwall.us/high-definition-wallpaper/death-of-socrates-desktop-hd-wallpaper-800825/)
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@mohiuddinbd24 ·
This is very old history but amazing
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@godflesh · (edited)
$0.11
True :)
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@cocacho ·
Thanks @godflesh I would love to read more articles like that for philosophy. Easy to read and informative.
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@godflesh · (edited)
$0.10
Very nice. I was a philosophy student and I have a lot to write about this topic.
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@drken ·
great write up
this will really help in my project work 
thanks more of this
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@godflesh ·
$0.10
I am glad to hear that :)
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@gangas ·
Hey @godflesh , this is awesome post. I will like to add a quote here that would be helpful to many bloggers on this platform;

Why You Should Upvote Comments!!!!
I've noticed alot of people doesnt reward their followers, and their commenters on here.
It's a shame.
When someone takes the time to not only read your post but to leave a comment. Even throwing your small vote their way does a lot of great things...
They are More Likely To Follow You
I'm not saying you should upvote every single comment you get. I try and look for those that I feel provide value to the post. When they see that you upvoted their comment and they will be rewarded as a result. This encourages them to follow you; Then you'll have a regular on your post!
 You can grow your followers so that they can grow you.

If they choose to keep their Steem in their account, They may power it up. If you continuously are upvoting their great comments, then they will steadily grow overtime. Their vote will be worth even more, and they'll be able to upvote you, The upvotes you gave them helps them grow, so they have more power on the platform.
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@foma17 ·
$0.16
Good post
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@godflesh ·
$0.10
Thanks :)
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@phinaloly ·
@godflesh, this is a great post, full of education. you made me see philosophy from another perspective. Thank You
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@thomashobbes ·
nice philosphy
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@godflesh ·
$0.10
:)
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@hansal ·
## it is very informative post , thanks for sharing 
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@godflesh ·
$0.10
You are welcome :)
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@muhasib ·
$0.08
Philosophy is the noble art of thinking carefully, persistently, even obsessively, about the Big Questions of lifeβ€”the meaning of life and with it the business of living, that is living well. It is also, as Aristotle (384–322 b.c.e.) famously said, looking with wonder at ourselves and the world around us, being intrigued by both nature and the way we look and talk about nature, and the ways in which we think and talk about ourselves. But philosophyβ€”and even the word philosophy β€”is shot through with contentiousness and is subject to endless debate. This was true in the days of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle (teachers and students, respectively) and it is certainly true today. The word itself is a Greek coinage, supposedly by Pythagoras  (c. 580–c. 500 b.c.e.), who when asked if he was wise gave the modest answer "no, but I am a lover of wisdom." Thus the words love (philein ) and wisdom (sophia ) were fused into "philosophy," the love of wisdom. But the true nature of philosophy is perhaps better captured by Socrates, who showed quite clearly that philosophy is essentially the love of argument. Or, as Bertrand Russell cynically noted, "philosophy is an unusually ingenious attempt to think fallaciously"...
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@godflesh · (edited)
$0.10
Very good comment. Thank you. And  I just want to add the word "parrhesia" - it's an ancient Greek word that means speaking the truth or telling everything that has to be said in the name of the truth. It have really philosophical meaning.
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@kobiespriggs · (edited)
I would argue the love of argumentation is more of a Sophist ideal than a Socratic one. I think,  if anything, (as Plato demonstrated in  the dialogue THEAETETUS) Socrates was more interested in exposing what others didn't know (to get at what's true)  or more specifically bring forth what others take for granted and falsely believe they know. I think the discussion in THEAETETUS  146c – 151d
 of Socrates being a midwife is very telling in this sense:


"SOCRATES: My art of midwifery is in general like theirs; the only difference is that my patients are men, not women, and my concern is not with the body but with the soul that is in travail of birth. And the highest point of my art is the power to prove by every test whether the offspring of a young man's thought is a false phantom, or instinct with life and truth. I am so far like the midwife that I cannot myself give birth to wisdom, and the common reproach is true, that, though I question others, I can myself bring nothing to light because there is no wisdom in me."
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@buildawhale ·
re-godflesh-historical-development-of-philosophy-20180219t093446450z
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@ajay03 ·
$0.08
Ya, brilliant blogging, sir 

I think that Philosophy is shaped as a distinct from the mythology spiritual phenomenon in the 6th century before the New Age. True knowledge requires interference in nature, practical attitude towards the world.
πŸ‘  ,
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@godflesh · (edited)
$0.10
Well, at the beginning philosophy still had something with mythological knowledge, and when Aristotle comes then philosophy goes to the rational path. You may see that Plato has a lot of mythology - the myth of the pedestrian and many of his dialogues with Socrates.
πŸ‘  
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@kobiespriggs · (edited)
I think we can look to the PreSocratics and see the trend towards rationalization beginning there and more so that Aristotle perhaps embraced and ushered forward materialism. I would point most specifically to the PreSocratic philosopher Thales (the first philosopher in the Greek tradition)  who looked for an explanation to describe the cosmos beyond mythology. The trend towards rationalization, I believe, started before Socrates. We see philosophers like Heraclitus (to name one)  trying to describe the cosmos in terms of elements not mythological beings. 

To me it appeared Plato used myth as a epistemological tool to persuade the "hoiΒ polli" into a particular way of thinking. We see this in the idea of the Noble Lie and the use of The Myth Of Metals in the Republic to this exact end. Granted Plato was a dualist but I am not sure he would have been a lover of mythology other than its usefulness in disseminating a particular kind of knowledge forward.
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@kobiespriggs ·
Thanks for the philosopher post! It's great to see them on Steemit. :)
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@ajay03 ·
I very very happy seeing your response. Thanks a lot , sir.
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@muzi0202 ·
$0.03
Great informative post, I can relate to my studies of young age of Hindu religious philosophy, where SAMKHIYA, NAYAYA, MIMOSA, YOGA and other philosophical schools used to crush my mind and I never used to understand what it meant that time.
  You post made me lot to understand the modern version of these schools with beautiful explanations and arguments.
  I am thankful to you get enlightened by your thoughts. Keep good going  and make best memories to remembered.
πŸ‘  
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@godflesh ·
$0.09
Thank you :)

And when I was young, I had the same experience with the eastern teachings. :D
πŸ‘  
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@muzi0202 ·
$0.04
Thanks for reply
πŸ‘  
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@wa2qr ·
One, remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Two, never give up work. Work gives you meaning and purpose and life is empty without it. Three, if you are lucky enough to find love, remember it is there and don't throw it away. @godflesh
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@adventureofluis ·
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@alitarar ·
$0.07
your post very great story
πŸ‘  ,
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@minnowhelper ·
re-alitarar-re-godflesh-historical-development-of-philosophy-20180219t103223273z-20180219t115331345z
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@elprofessor ·
Love your style of writing, great post!
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@apartphilosopher ·
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