<html> <p><center><img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/8fgjIwnsU7Y/maxresdefault.jpg" width="1920" height="1080"/></center></p> <p>In January 1987 a research group at the University of Alabama-Huntsville replaced Lanthanum and obtained a critical temperature of 92 Kelvin, this material known as YBCO, which can conduct electricity at warmer temperatures than liquid nitrogen, because all this time to get critical point superconductors must use liquid hydrogen.</p> <p>In 1991 Robert Haddon and Bel Laboratory announced that the K3C60 has been found to be a superconducting material at 18 Kelvin temperatures and the first carbon-containing superconductor.</p> <p>1993 by Professor Dr. The Onbasli Ultrasound at the University of Colorado and the research group A. Schilling, M. Cantoni, J. D. Guo, and H. R. Ott Zurich, in Switzerland found the first synthesis of mercuric-cuprates which are ceramic superconductors with the highest transition temperatures.</p> <p>In 1993 researchers at the State University of New York at Buffalo reported a crisis Temperature between 60 Kelvin and 70 Kelvin for C-60 that was contaminated with ICL-mixed interhalogens.</p> <hr></hr> <p><center><img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/YrdbNLT-9Cc/maxresdefault.jpg" width="1920" height="1080"/></center></p> <p>February 1994 Dr. Ron Goldfarb at the Institute of Standards and Technology, Colorado discovered a superconducting ceramic material consisting of thallium, mercury, copper, barium, calcium and oxygen (HgBa 2Ca 2Cu 3 O8 + 5) is superconducting with the highest temperature (Tc = 138 Kelvin).</p> <p>In 1997 researchers found that at a very near absolute temperature a zero gold and indium metal alloy is a superconductor and a natural magnet.</p> <p>Year 2000 The first high-temperature superconductor that does not contain copper. In 2001, Chinese researchers at Hong Kong University found 1-dimensional superconductance in single-walled carbon nanotubes at a temperature of about 15 Kelvin. The first all-metal superconductor perovskite was discovered in the same year. Dr Bertram Batlogg and his colleagues from Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA made superconductors of polythiophene plastic with a critical temperature of 2.35 Kelvin, where this plastic superconductor is easier to form than previous superconductors. In the same year Japanese researchers measured the temperature of magnesium diboride transition in 39 Kelvin, then Mgb2 material was made for application in the industry. Mgb2 is a better material than NbTi and Nb3Sn in high magnetic field applications such as MRI.</p> <p>In February 2006, Physicists in Japan showed non-aligned, multi-walled carbon nanotubes to be superconductive at temperatures as high as 12 Kelvin.</p> <hr></hr> <p><center><img src="https://tedconfblog.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/boaz-almog-at-tedglobal2012.jpg" width="1600" height="1019"/></center></p> <p>In 2008, a superconducting substance with iron mixture by Hideo Hosono, the Tokyo Institute of Technology, consisted of a super conduction lanthanum oxygen fluorine iron arsenide (LaO 1 x F xFeAs) at 26 Kelvin. Replacement of lanthanum in LaO 1-x F xFeAs with samrium produces superconductors that work at 55 Kelvin.</p> <p>The MagLev train is a train with a speed of 343 or about 550 km / h. This train floats above the superconducting magnet resulting in the loss of friction between the wheel and the rail. The principle utilizes the Meissner effect in which magnetic lifting occurs by superconductors.</p> <p>Distributed Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage System (D-SMES) is a capacitor that can store electrical energy of 3 million Watt. The energy can be used to stabilize electricity in the event of a power failure.</p> <p>Power cables that use superconductors are capable of transmitting currents more quickly. Superconducting cables result in 7000 ari efficacy compared to copper wiring. The same thing happens to generators, generators that use superconductors have an efficiency of 99 compared to generators with copper wire.</p> <p><img src="https://cdn.technologyreview.com/i/images/quantum.computing-startupx1024.jpg?sw=1024" width="1024" height="768"/></p> <p>SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) is a Magnetoencephalography. This tool can be used to display images of structures and organs in the body that utilize magnetic fields. HTSC SQUIDS is also used by the navy to detect mines and submarines. The military also uses superconductive tape as a means to reduce the very low frequency antenna frequencies used on submarines.</p> <p>The use of superconductors in the field of nature conservation is in the field of Greenhouse gas emission reduction (GHG). Superconductors are also used to make an electric motor with power 5000 horsepower.</p> <p>Josephson's strain on superconductors is being investigated for the manufacture of computer petaflop. Petaflop is hundreds of millions of trillions of operations per second. Superconducting carbon nanotubes are also being studied to be the ideal nano-antenna for high-gigahertz and terahertz frequencies.</p> <hr></hr> <p><center><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/childrens-responsive-ichef-live/r/400/1x/cbbc/science-logo-final_alt7.png"/></center></p> <p><center>if you interest in our articles , we'll give you more articles about Science on next post, so be sure to follow <a href="https://steemit.com/@daily-science">@Daily-Science</a></center></p> <p><center>Thank you</center></p> <p><center><sub>Image Source : <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fgjIwnsU7Y">1</a>,<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrdbNLT-9Cc">2</a>,<a href="https://blog.ted.com/want-to-give-a-tech-demo-or-talk-at-ted2016-apply-to-share-your-idea/">3</a>,<a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/600711/the-tiny-startup-racing-google-to-build-a-quantum-computing-chip/">4</a></sub></center></p> </html>
| post_id | 19,665,586 |
|---|---|
| author | daily-science |
| permlink | superconducting-materials-part-2 |
| category | science |
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| post_id | 19,714,937 |
|---|---|
| author | screenname |
| permlink | re-superconducting-materials-part-2-20171207t140016 |
| category | science |
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