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The theory of literature is a very old science. The first attempt to systematically present the main literary questions makes Aristotle his poetic. The theory of literature is a title dominated by the logical approach to the subject, that is, a title that seeks to capture the sustained, essential in the literature. The theory of literature offers an insight into the work as complex, made up of heterogeneous ingredients linked in hierarchical and subordination unity. The theory of literature reflects on the historical mobility of the subject, its traits and the way in which it changes over time. The theory is equally needed both by critics and by the historian.
The theory of literature is a major part of literary science along with the history of literature and literary criticism. She studies the essence and emergence of the artistic work, its public role and the development of literary forms. The theory of literature consists of several basic parts formulated differently by the different authors. They deal with the following more important issues:
• Subject and purpose of the artistic literature;
• Content and form of artistic literature;
• The problem of the typical and aesthetic importance of literature;
• artistic interest, composition and storyline of the literary work;
• the language of the literary work;
• Expression and imaging means (tropics and stylistic figures), poetic vocabulary and syntax;
• poetry: poetry - rhythm, rhymes, rhythmic steps, verses, types of poetry;
• regularity in the literary process, literary genres, genres and genres;
• trends and trends in literature, artistic method, etc.