关于如何学习和做学问,最近看到两个案例,让我印象深刻。 一位编辑在自己专栏的开栏语中,介绍了自己的方法论:结构化思考。 她说,自己观察世界的方式是,“超越现象,给出坐标”。把一个孤立的事件放到一个更大的背景坐标下,再呈现给读者。她还给出了自己观察世界的三个坐标:历史坐标、未来坐标和系统坐标。 关于结构化,吴伯凡老师打过一个比方。他说读书的目的,不是往大脑中搬运一块块材料,然后杂乱无章地堆在那里,而是等新材料进来以后,我们把它用来重建自己的知识大厦。一开始可能是茅草屋,然后把茅草屋拆掉盖土坯房,然后把土坯房拆掉盖砖混小二楼,然后把小二楼拆掉,盖钢筋混凝土大厦。 所以,编辑经营一个专栏,每天为读者提供信息,不是在搬砖,而是在盖房子。 另外一位大咖,在介绍自己的治学方法论的时候,说自己手上有一个“七把刀”: 第1把刀:追本溯源 。我们听到或看到一个说法、一件事情都要有追本溯源的精神,人云亦云、随波逐流,渐渐丧失的,是我们独立思考的能力,以及还原真相的本领。 第2把刀:竭泽而渔。对于历史的解读,人生的看法都是这样,不可能有全知视角,那么就要整合自己已有的资源,做出最优的决断,等有新线索来扩充自己。 第3把刀:跟进学术前沿。根据新的内容和资料,看到现实的变化,来调整自己已有的认知结构。 第4把刀:知人论世 。 第5把刀:思想史的专用解剖刀。关键就是了解思想的脉络,人类进化演变的过程中,看到事物变化的本质。 第6把刀:古代意识 要有时代之眼。如果站在主观的去角度上,去妄加评判古人的思想局限,或者站在道德制高点上去批判他人,显出的只是自己的浅薄。 第7把刀:现代意识。太阳底下无新事,借力历史经验,可以丰富自己看问题的视角,更好的去理解世界,解决问题。 这“七把刀”就像一个非常趁手的工具厢,不仅是学者解读历史上,有抽丝剥茧的效果,在我们每一天的生活中,面对各种难题,也有理清思路的作用。 还记得一位阅读达人分享的阅读方法,其实也是一种框架思维。 面对一本新书,我们可以尝试问自己这六个问题: 第一,这本书,我定义的核心挑战是什么? 第二,针对这个挑战,传统的解决方案是什么? 第三,传统方案为什么无效? 第四,这本书提出的新解决方案是什么? 第五,这个新解决方案为什么有效? 第六,这个新方案,跟普通人有什么关系? 再比如,学习新知识,可以用这样的框架去思考:我原来对它的认识是什么?它让我联想到什么(理论或现象)?它跟我的生活有什么关系?我要怎么把它应用到我的生活上?它的反面是什么? 总之,学习不是背诵和记忆。学习的本质是用一个尽可能简洁的思考框架,把每天接触的新信息串联起来。建设自己的思考框架来洞察和理解新时代和新物种。
post_id | 92,653,116 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
author | huangzuomin | ||||||
permlink | 6yxbup | ||||||
category | hive-155234 | ||||||
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created | 2021-07-16 15:10:33 | ||||||
last_update | 2021-07-16 15:10:33 | ||||||
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voter | weight | wgt% | rshares | pct | time |
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xiaohui | 0 | 345,015,318 | 13.08% | ||
cnfund | 0 | 240,241,286 | 3.68% | ||
justyy | 0 | 4,668,099,221,462 | 11.08% | ||
happyukgo | 0 | 1,456,969,496 | 13.08% | ||
stimialiti | 0 | 12,119,496,389 | 100% | ||
nuagnorab | 0 | 10,433,840,375 | 3.68% | ||
aaronli | 0 | 9,259,562,851 | 3.68% | ||
marylaw | 0 | 672,681,424 | 3.68% | ||
shenchensucc | 0 | 4,315,296,673 | 3.68% | ||
susanli3769 | 0 | 4,851,597,091 | 3.68% | ||
coffeedrinker51 | 0 | 63,228,365 | 100% | ||
davidmendel | 0 | 967,394,246 | 3.68% | ||
mrpointp | 0 | 2,331,905,895 | 13.08% | ||
robinlee | 0 | 25,597,116 | 13.08% | ||
everrich | 0 | 443,602,025 | 3.68% | ||
syh7758520 | 0 | 407,163,879 | 3.68% | ||
rainyapril | 0 | 26,122,268 | 13.08% | ||
kikima | 0 | 66,908,351 | 13.08% | ||
aafeng | 0 | 3,310,935,150 | 30% | ||
tvb | 0 | 2,785,490,418 | 3.68% | ||
mrspointm | 0 | 1,685,014,052 | 13.08% | ||
liumei | 0 | 160,509,266 | 3.68% | ||
acactus1013 | 0 | 498,465,027 | 13.08% | ||
rosatravels | 0 | 2,841,777,398 | 13.08% | ||
superbing | 0 | 332,703,946 | 13.08% | ||
dailyfortune | 0 | 260,906,195 | 13.08% | ||
minloulou | 0 | 127,939,189 | 3.68% | ||
dailystats | 0 | 444,803,488 | 13.08% | ||
jsquare | 0 | 520,205,927,527 | 5% | ||
sunray | 0 | 323,154,380 | 3.68% | ||
winniex | 0 | 1,034,150,911 | 3.68% | ||
jianan | 0 | 5,521,242,530 | 13.08% | ||
qifenggan | 0 | 200,245,382 | 3.68% | ||
windowglass | 0 | 28,435,444,640 | 3.68% | ||
cnbuddy | 0 | 953,554,359,316 | 100% | ||
iamafra | 0 | 756,032,534 | 3.68% | ||
anxin | 0 | 865,044,737 | 13.08% | ||
angelina6688 | 0 | 1,860,938,267 | 3.68% | ||
auleo | 0 | 173,089,874 | 3.68% | ||
jyoti-thelight | 0 | 893,888,796 | 11.08% | ||
cheva | 0 | 9,734,368,867 | 3.68% | ||
maiyude | 0 | 11,311,284,381 | 3.68% | ||
wilhb81 | 0 | 17,215,558,738 | 3.68% | ||
foodielifestyle | 0 | 3,167,080,223 | 13.08% | ||
emmali | 0 | 468,508,911 | 3.68% | ||
woolfe19861008 | 0 | 162,500,747 | 13.08% | ||
youandme | 0 | 436,359,668 | 3.68% | ||
kirato | 0 | 85,454,226 | 3.68% | ||
cherryng | 0 | 198,636,144 | 3.68% | ||
dailychina | 0 | 538,002,503 | 13.08% | ||
vincenthan | 0 | 32,729,134 | 13.08% | ||
nostalgic1212 | 0 | 2,491,989,528 | 3.68% | ||
yuxuan | 0 | 2,753,829,145 | 13.08% | ||
dongfengman | 0 | 1,081,178,654 | 13.08% | ||
serenazz | 0 | 84,611,455 | 13.08% | ||
maximize | 0 | 102,639,914 | 100% | ||
also.einstein | 0 | 378,531,991 | 3.68% | ||
ethanlee | 0 | 417,789,742 | 13.08% | ||
twinsnicole | 0 | 26,544,568 | 13.08% | ||
ericet | 0 | 580,949,673 | 3.68% | ||
onepercentbetter | 0 | 1,451,459,985 | 3.68% | ||
fanso | 0 | 92,021,266 | 13.08% | ||
aellly | 0 | 483,595,038 | 3.68% | ||
huangzuomin | 0 | 398,998,875 | 3.68% | ||
lilypang22 | 0 | 87,442,696 | 13.08% | ||
statsexpert | 0 | 2,235,242,162 | 3.68% | ||
janicechua | 0 | 1,179,419,502 | 3.68% | ||
zens | 0 | 27,546,158 | 13.08% | ||
andrewma | 0 | 1,243,051,783 | 3.68% | ||
regals | 0 | 25,315,821 | 13.08% | ||
softmetal | 0 | 240,513,349 | 3.68% | ||
liuzg | 0 | 11,900,783,515 | 3.68% | ||
tanlikming | 0 | 49,974,020 | 3.68% | ||
honoru | 0 | 5,681,602,880 | 3.68% | ||
lzg | 0 | 6,981,762,494 | 3.68% | ||
joelone | 0 | 27,717,136 | 13.08% | ||
hmayak | 0 | 149,194,880 | 3.68% | ||
xiguang | 0 | 1,652,943,963,542 | 59.11% | ||
robertyan | 0 | 18,169,724 | 3.68% | ||
xiaoyuanwmm | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
we-are-lucky | 0 | 9,986,725,276 | 73.8% | ||
abcallen | 0 | 2,211,932,586 | 3.68% | ||
ffbank | 0 | 0 | 13.08% | ||
weicomenew | 0 | 26,391,503 | 13.08% | ||
laiyuehta | 0 | 431,784,171 | 13.08% | ||
turtlegraphics | 0 | 184,890,077 | 13.08% | ||
sunai | 0 | 3,304,414,422 | 3.68% | ||
robin.han | 0 | 162,897,552 | 3.68% | ||
lucacroce | 0 | 30,940,225 | 13.08% | ||
julian2013 | 0 | 3,227,676,477 | 3.68% | ||
dlike | 0 | 14,053,192,692 | 6% | ||
evelaurie | 0 | 23,211,838 | 13.08% | ||
zorapolly | 0 | 23,099,665 | 13.08% | ||
bobarchibald | 0 | 23,576,874 | 13.08% | ||
annasandy | 0 | 23,105,734 | 13.08% | ||
edwardchan | 0 | 45,576,694 | 3.68% | ||
raynopssgold | 0 | 77,221,011 | 3.68% | ||
depend | 0 | 34,493,118 | 3.68% | ||
wangcheng002 | 0 | 23,524,363 | 13.08% | ||
yuanweiru002 | 0 | 23,889,879 | 13.08% | ||
wancheng001 | 0 | 23,469,927 | 13.08% | ||
claraalbert | 0 | 23,569,281 | 13.08% | ||
slientstorm | 0 | 157,908,682 | 3.68% | ||
pet.society | 0 | 6,598,799,683 | 3.68% | ||
yettareade | 0 | 38,234,236 | 13.08% | ||
annepink | 0 | 2,745,390,576 | 3.68% | ||
witnesstools | 0 | 618,534,840 | 13.08% | ||
cherryzz | 0 | 1,357,812,806 | 3.68% | ||
buo | 0 | 453,689,070 | 3.68% | ||
teamcn-shop | 0 | 784,333,311 | 3.68% | ||
ilovecoding | 0 | 580,114,628 | 13.08% | ||
yunki | 0 | 456,608,410 | 3.68% | ||
cloudblade | 0 | 3,582,264,716 | 3.68% | ||
kelvinzhang | 0 | 184,698,872 | 3.68% | ||
wookiju | 0 | 264,436,416 | 100% | ||
teriyaki | 0 | 0 | 100% | ||
steemfuckeos | 0 | 255,063,048 | 13.08% | ||
atempt | 0 | 4,104,098,946 | 100% | ||
honey00 | 0 | 314,074,623 | 3.68% | ||
morningshine | 0 | 5,314,055,007 | 3.68% | ||
cn-activity | 0 | 87,042,017 | 3.68% | ||
cnlonglive | 0 | 923,971,019 | 3.68% | ||
berrydeng | 0 | 379,640,358 | 3.68% | ||
kamicurate | 0 | 238,994,678 | 100% | ||
davidchen | 0 | 2,722,251,966 | 3.68% | ||
teamcn-fund | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
cecilian | 0 | 333,039,539 | 3.68% | ||
good2believe | 0 | 222,593,790 | 3.68% | ||
devyleona | 0 | 130,448,315 | 3.68% | ||
happygoluckynow | 0 | 81,986,194 | 3.68% | ||
mayiloveyou | 0 | 76,898,479 | 3.68% | ||
goodsimplelife | 0 | 76,725,918 | 3.68% | ||
yanhan | 0 | 3,270,337,471 | 3.68% | ||
walker886 | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
zhongyefu | 0 | 119,942,238 | 3.68% | ||
m15197972567 | 0 | 156,141,412 | 3.68% | ||
blockcleaner | 0 | 2,436,445,597 | 13.08% | ||
kgame | 0 | 87,091,910 | 3.68% | ||
hertz300 | 0 | 1,012,301,432 | 3.68% | ||
delta-clan | 0 | 23,690,382 | 3.68% | ||
steem-drivers | 0 | 98,573,940 | 3.68% | ||
cn-zzang | 0 | 1,861,676 | 3.68% | ||
cplusplus | 0 | 576,621,450 | 13.08% | ||
cn-sct | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
xiaoq.sports | 0 | 490,142,401 | 3.68% | ||
justsoso | 0 | 109,939,123 | 13.08% | ||
cn-marlians | 0 | 54,528,007 | 3.68% | ||
hykwf678233 | 0 | 3,864,540,805 | 3.68% | ||
gillianlien | 0 | 591,578,506 | 3.68% | ||
stevewu | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
kristinasiu | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
longhash | 0 | 95,158,613 | 13.08% | ||
llfestyle | 0 | 9,537,322 | 13.08% | ||
yanchen | 0 | 210,807,574 | 3.68% | ||
vickyli | 0 | 281,973,459 | 3.68% | ||
annzhao | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
cn-trail | 0 | 1,014,274,595 | 3.68% | ||
lnakuma | 0 | 455,172,169 | 3.68% | ||
bo022 | 0 | 140,572,386 | 3.68% | ||
gillianlienmap | 0 | 109,784,740 | 3.68% | ||
maiydue | 0 | 0 | 13.08% | ||
wongshiylng | 0 | 0 | 13.08% | ||
deepcrypti8 | 0 | 0 | 13.08% | ||
myiord1992 | 0 | 0 | 13.08% | ||
sexybeach | 0 | 605,187,895 | 13.08% | ||
suckmydick | 0 | 258,119,498 | 13.08% | ||
chromebook | 0 | 136,590,447 | 13.08% | ||
ericandryan | 0 | 1,375,735,464 | 13.08% | ||
lovequeen | 0 | 7,442,316,801 | 3.68% | ||
familyonline-tv | 0 | 2,638,663,809 | 3.68% | ||
bo022022 | 0 | 78,973,832 | 3.68% | ||
littleksroad | 0 | 75,519,869 | 3.68% | ||
plato2005 | 0 | 2,009,505,398 | 11.08% | ||
justyy222 | 0 | 260,551,042 | 13.08% | ||
dryuen | 0 | 1,083,543,181 | 3.68% | ||
sweetime | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
capehorn | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
tenki | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
lucienyong | 0 | 246,020,695 | 3.68% | ||
iris08 | 0 | 657,094,220 | 3.68% | ||
yuyusong | 0 | 587,105,287 | 3.68% | ||
sheya | 0 | 884,716,262 | 13.08% | ||
enchanter88 | 0 | 420,893,630 | 13.08% | ||
laplanss2020 | 0 | 241,451,295 | 3.68% | ||
xiaohuangniu | 0 | 743,747,608 | 3.68% | ||
caimao317 | 0 | 492,454,144 | 100% | ||
zete | 0 | 250,738,947 | 3.68% | ||
alpha-omega | 0 | 289,007,161 | 3.68% | ||
leungyi | 0 | 143,350,845 | 3.68% | ||
ericaliu | 0 | 212,666,251 | 3.68% | ||
nutbox.mine | 0 | 1,997,799,156,956 | 1.29% | ||
yikoutian | 0 | 72,709,214 | 3.68% | ||
little-yellow | 0 | 104,230,924 | 3.68% | ||
b1-3 | 0 | 65,766,147 | 3.68% | ||
cittriy | 0 | 181,433,657 | 3.68% | ||
wo5 | 0 | 523,642,682 | 3.68% | ||
rh22 | 0 | 443,488,947 | 3.68% | ||
marchrain | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
kaylaway | 0 | 85,925,169 | 3.68% | ||
talalala | 0 | 107,197,722 | 3.68% | ||
haoeeicc | 0 | 100,521,501 | 3.68% | ||
gougou-god | 0 | 1,036,446,411 | 3.68% | ||
w711jy | 0 | 129,566,000 | 3.68% | ||
tt0215 | 0 | 81,624,138 | 3.68% | ||
blues529 | 0 | 459,156,912 | 11.08% | ||
zyf321 | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
luna9413 | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
iloveher413 | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
yuanyuanzi | 0 | 773,939,165 | 3.68% | ||
sunflor | 0 | 206,360,308 | 3.68% | ||
moringtree | 0 | 96,899,650 | 3.68% | ||
jennychen | 0 | 56,816,969 | 3.68% | ||
circlebubble | 0 | 762,410,253 | 3.68% | ||
princesstai | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
wanlichalu | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
linna188 | 0 | 139,155,155 | 3.68% | ||
wow123 | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
dreamstar | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
xiefei | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
diochen | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
zhouxiaodong | 0 | 588,948,692 | 3.68% | ||
skyheaven | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
mrpenmind | 0 | 126,124,168 | 13.08% | ||
yy1225 | 0 | 1,179,569,758 | 100% | ||
paintmage | 0 | 0 | 3.68% | ||
everlandd | 0 | 355,181,338 | 3.68% |