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## <center>INTRODUCTION</center>
The topic is really an interesting one has it has made me understand what trilemma is really all about and the challenges that the blockchain developer faced in that the will have to take 2 options out of three and let 1 go. In order to achieve their aim.
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## <center>QUESTION</center>

> Explain in your own words what the Blockchain Trilemma is.
Is the Blockchain Trilemma Really a Trilemma?
Define the following concepts in your own words:
A. Decentralization
B. Scalability
C. Blockchain Security
Based on your knowledge, explain at least two viable solutions to the challenges posed in the Blockchain Trilemma.
Conclusion.

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## Explain in your own words what the Blockchain Trilemma is.
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Let me start by defining what a blockchain is which has to do with a way in which information are kept in record and is duplicated and share but can not be manipulated and change.
Trilemma has to do with a situation in which there are 3 solution to a problem but all can not be achieved so the individual has to let go of one.

Blockchain trilemma is a word that was coin by the founder of etheruem by name Vitalik Buterin
he stated that there are three problem that a blockchain developer face when developing blockchain and this are decentralization, security and scalability but a developer will have to sacrifice one out of the 3 because the three can not be achieved it is only 2.
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[Source](https://medium.com/logos-network/everything-you-know-about-the-scalability-trilemma-is-probably-wrong-bc4f4b7a7ef)
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It now means that if the developer sacrifice scalability then will work with decentralization and security  but  with the way technology is going token such as cardano can achieve all. 

Finally to me, blockchain trilemma is all about sacrificing one out of the three benefits in order for two to be achieve in a  particular goal and at a particular point in time and this benefits are decentralization, security and scalability.

>Proof of Stake, sharding, state channels, sidechains: An entire subsector has emerged to solve the blockchain trilemma and optimize networks for mainstream use.[source](https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/blockchain-trilemma-decentralization-scalability-definition)

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## Is the Blockchain Trilemma Really a Trilemma?
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Though blockchain trilemma might have been a trilemma before when a developer has to sacrifice one of the option and make use of two in achieving a particular goal and the three important things involved here are decentralization, security and scalability and by this the developer have the issue of scalability due to the fact that it is hard for more transaction to be executed simultaneously at a faster speed rate.

But with the way things are moving in the world new technology emerges everyday and people knowledge keep expanding, the are some expert who now find ways of make the three benefits achievable like it is said that the cardano token can do this three benefits at the same time.

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## Define the following concepts in your own words:
## A. Decentralization
## B. Scalability
## C. Blockchain Security
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## Decentralization
Decentralization is More concern about  number of nodes that is  operating in  blockchain. Decentralization in Blockchain Trilemma can also be seen as a process of creating a blockchain system that does not solely depend on a central point of control. It's one of the core(important) component in  blockchain.
Although decentralization may seems to be the least important of all the  three elements at first sight, we must always recall that when Bitcoin was lunched, the whole idea behind creating a crypto currency  was to offer a decentralized and More Democratic options to the present  heavily centralized financial  system.
When it comes to decentralization we have smart contract which helps in keeps records of all the transaction that are being performed time to time and by this individual can not lie because everything is in record. Here, it is transparent, and there is no geographical barrier because of the peer to peer technology that connects individuals to one another despite the environment.
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[Source](https://www.blocktac.com/en/news/the-value-in-decentralization/)
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## Scalability
scalability is known to be a blockchain ability and capability  to keep a desirable performance in transaction speed in the face of a growing network and therefore an increasingly higher number of transaction per second.

Here, it means the ability  that a system can be able to execute so many transaction simultaneously not only that but the system can do this in a fast time period too no matter how the transaction is and it is also said that it is with this that a blockchain can be able to compete with legacy.

Scalability is also seen as one of the most essential problem in blockchain and has being the most focus of both industry practitioners and academic researchers since Bitcoin came into existence. Here are the different factors which defines blockchain scalability

* cost and capacity;
The cost and capacity in scalability is the need of storing large quantities of data on the blockchain. Here we have to store data up to the extent of recent transactions. Although all the node in the blockchain network don't have the required resources and capacity for storing such an amount of information.

* networking:
Every transaction on the blockchain is usually broadcasted across all the boxes subsequently,  a block is transmitted to almost all nodes when it is mined. This process can consume substantial network resources and at the same time increasing propagation delay. It's therefore very important to have a reliably well



## Security in Blockchain
This is more concerned about coding and very importantly, consensus mechanism. That is, proof of work given  vs proof of stake. Consensus mechanism here refers to the given number of network nodes required  to confirm a transaction before it is final and how this nodes are being rewarded appropriately.

Blockchain security can also be seen as Risk management system in blockchain network using cyber security, assurance services and best practices as well as frameworks to reduce the risk against hacks, attacks and frauds.
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## Based on your knowledge, explain at least two viable solutions to the challenges posed in the Blockchain Trilemma.
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## FIRST LAYER SOLUTION(layer-1 solution)

This refers to blockchain protocols like bitcoins, litecoins and Ethereum. There are seen as methods currently in developing and practicing that seek to improve the scalability of blockchain network directly. Here, the developer attack the problem from the base of the issue

* Consensus protocol improvement

This is a kind of proof of work in the consensus protocol currently on popular blockchain network like bitcoin. 
Bitcoin makes use of the proof of work consensus mechanism, though this is secure but the speed rate at which transaction is executed is slow and because of this some blockchain had to upgrade to the proof of stake consensus mechanism which is fast and here the individual which is known as validator are recognize according to the number of stake the have in the network and by this decentralization increase and security is going to ensured.

* sharding

This is one of the popular layer 1 scaling solution,here transaction are being broken into a small data-  set which is called shard and this can be process to perform so many transaction at a time, it also provides proof to the mainchain and allows for sharing of address between individuals.

## SECOND LAYER (layer-2) solution

This refers to a network or technology that operate a top of an underlying blockchain protocols to improve it scalability and efficiency.
Solving the blockchain Trilemma, although it do presents significant challenges to adopting blockchain technology. Solution are there to find an effectively and simultaneously balance between network. Security, decentralization and scalability, where the CAP theorem has held true for almost four decades the implementation of layer 1 and layer 2 solutions with The emergence  of proof of stakes in Blockchain is varying on shifting the paradigm towards decentralized network that are at once distributed, secured and scalable.

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## Conclusion

The lecture is really an interesting one, I have now known what a block chain trilemma is all about which means sacrificing one option out of three to be able to achieve something, I have also know that as technology improve the problem of trilemma will soon be if not totally solve taking example as in cardano token that can achieve all this simultaneously.
I also know about two possible solutions to  challenges that is been posed in the Blockchain Trilemma. 

I am grateful to prof @nane15 for taking us on this wonderful and impactful  lecture.

Cc- prof @nane15

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