| json_metadata | "{"format": "markdown", "links": ["https://d.tube/#!/v/world5list/qcyp0vja", "https://d.tube/#!/v/world5list/1i4tynn1", "https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmS8MSEhSJeNYmdHZkTyfWWAEcdfL1XCUkA56DmGi9XbiC"], "app": "steemit/0.1", "tags": ["youtube", "video", "steemit", "steem", "dtube"], "users": ["theywillyou", "theywillkillyou"], "image": ["https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmPwNj9THcXi8uXeGThZ4GiERQKKryvPbdkV1n7CKY3M79"], "video": {"content": {"videohash": "QmS8MSEhSJeNYmdHZkTyfWWAEcdfL1XCUkA56DmGi9XbiC", "video480hash": "QmVBLph8qBHELznbZWCz3CX7q4AADLRgJq8T51xDMQ9CoH", "description": "Nobody likes getting sick, especially when an illness comes around that changes the course of our lives. Join us as we look at diseases that changed the course of mankind and history. \n\nSmallpox:\nSmallpox was an infectious disease that is caused by one of two virus strains Variola Major, and Variola Minor. The last case known to naturally occur was diagnosed in October of 1977, and the World Health Organization went on to certify global eradication in 1980. The risk of death from Smallpox was around 30 percent with the highest rates being found in babies. Those who managed to survive the virus were left with permanent reminders in terms of scarring, and some were left blind. The diseases initial symptoms were vomiting and fever, this would further develop into sores in the mouth, and a rash on the skin. After a few days the skin rash turned to fluid filled bumps that had a dent in the center, which would scab over and fall off leaving scars. It was spread by contaminated objects, and people. The way it was prevented was by vaccine, and if developed certain antiviral medications would help. The way it came about is not known, but evidence dates back to 3rd Century BC in Egyptian Mummies. It was known to occur in outbreaks, and Edward Jenner discovered the vaccination that would prevent it in 1768. It was also previously known as pox, and the red plague. \n\nTuberculosis:\nTuberculosis otherwise known as TB is a disease usually caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually targets the lungs, yet it has been known to wreak havoc on other areas of the body. Most who are infected don\u2019t know they have TB which is also known at that point at latent tuberculosis. Of those who get Latent TB 10 percent of people go on to get active TB which when not treated can kill half of those who have active infections. The symptoms of an active infection are bloody spit up, fever, night sweats, and a chronic cough. It used to be known as consumption due to weight loss. It is spread in the air when people who have an active infection cough, spit, speak or sneeze. Those who have the latent form do not spread it. Those who have the active infection more often have other health issues. Diagnosis is based on chest x-ray, as well as body fluid cultures. If it is a latent infection it\u2019s diagnosed by a Tuberculin skin test, or blood testing. Prevention involves screening high risk people, and with vaccination via the bacillus Calmette-Guerin or BCG vaccine. Treatment requires long term antibiotic use. The popular christmas song \u201cWinter Wonderland\u201d was written by Felix Bernard and Richard B. Smith. Richard a Honesdale, Pennsylvania native was inspired to write it after witnessing Honesdale Central Park covered in snow, and wrote the lyrics while in West Mountain Sanitarium in Scranton, Pennsylvania while being treated for tuberculosis. \n\nHIV/AIDS\nHuman Immunodeficiency Virus, and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome otherwise known as HIV/AIDS is a wide variety of conditions caused by HIV. Following the initial infection someone may experience a brief period of flu-like illness. This is followed by a time frame of no symptoms, and as the infection progresses it starts causing immune system issues. It increases someone getting other diseases such as tuberculosis, and other opportunistic infections as well as tumors. The late symptoms of HIV are known as AIDS during this stage weight loss often occurs. HIV is primarily spread by unprotected sex including anal and oral, contaminated blood transfusions, needle sharing, and from mom to baby during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or while delivering. Bodily fluids such as saliva and tears do not transmit HIV. In order to avoid contracting it health organizations advocate for safe sex, needle exchange programs, and other methods. Disease in babies can be prevented by giving both mom and baby antiretroviral medications. There is currently no cure or vaccine for this disease, but antiretroviral medications can slow down the course of the disease and extend life expectancy. \n\nBubonic Plague:\nThe Bubonic Plague is one of three types of Plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Symptoms start showing one to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, and can include headaches, vomiting, swollen and painful lymph nodes, and fever. The lymph nodes may break open. The three types are based on the route of the infection. Bubonic, Septicemic, and Pneumonic plague are the types. Bubonic plague is derived often from infected fleas from small animals. It also results due to exposure of body fluids from a dead and infected animal. With bubonic plague the bacteria enters through a flea bite, and goes to the lymph node. It is diagnosed by finding bacteria in blood, sputum, or fluid from lymph nodes. Prevention is done by avoiding handling deceased animals where plague is known to occur. Vaccines are not useful, but several antibiotics have been found to help. The plague is thought to be the cause for the Black Death that ravaged Asia, Africa, and Europe during the 14th century causing nearly 50 million people to die. \n\nScarlet Fever:\nScarlet Fever is a disease resulting from A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The signs and symptoms include fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash. The rash is red and has texture like sandpaper, and the infected person\u2019s tongue may also be red and bumpy. It is known to infect children between five and 15 years old. Scarlet fever can affect a small amount of people who have strep throat, and is spread by an infected person coughing or sneezing and a person touching a contaminated object, and then touching their mouth or nose. The diagnosis for Scarlet Fever is made via a throat culture. While there is no vaccine for this prevention is done by frequent handwashing, and not sharing items especially with sick people. Long-term complications if untreated include rheumatic heart disease, arthritis, and kidney disease. It was one of the leading causes of death for children in the early 20th century. \n\nMalaria:\nMalaria is an infection that stems from infected mosquitoes. It affects both humans and animals and is caused by parasitic protozoans. It causes lethargy, vomiting, and headaches. If the case is severe enough it can cause yellow skin, coma, and even death. Usually the symptoms of Malaria occur within 10-15 days after someone has been bitten. If it isn\u2019t treated properly people can have recurrences months after the initially infection. It is commonly transmitted by infected female Anopheles Mosquitoes. The bite introduces the parasite into the blood, and it travels to the liver where it matures and rapidly reproduces. Five species of Plasmodium can infect humans, and be spread by them as well. Most are caused by P. falciparum. It is diagnosed by microscopic examination, or with antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests. Use of mosquito nets, and insecticides can be preventative measures, as well as draining stagnant water. It is treated by a combination of antimalarial medications and is widespread through tropical and subtropical regions. \n\nHaemophilia:\nHemophilia is an inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots and causes people to bleed longer after they've been injured. It also causes easy bruising and increased risk of bleeding inside the brain and joints. Those who have the disease in the mild form often only have symptoms after incidents such a surgery or an accident. Bleeding that occurs in the joint can often result in damage that is permanent. More seriously bleeding in the brain can cause long-term headaches, a decreased level of consciousness, or seizures. the two main types of Haemophilia are Haemophilia A which is due to not enough clotting Factor VIII, and Haemophilia B which occurs due to not enough clotting Factor IX. These factors are generally inherited through the parents by an X chromosome with a non-functional gene. More rarely Hemophilia may occur later in life due to antibodies forming against a clotting factor. Prevention can occur by taking an egg fertilizing it, and testing the embryo before transfer to the uterus. Treatment is done by replacing the missing clotting factors which can be done on a regular basis or when a bleeding episode occurs. These treatments can take place at home or in the hospital, and the clotting factors are made from human blood or efforts. \n\nYellow Fever:\nYellow fever is a viral disease that has a short duration. In most cases people who have it have symptoms of chills, loss of appetite, nausea, and muscle pains that typically take place in the back, and headaches. The symptoms of yellow fever typically improve around 5 days after contracting it. For some people after the symptoms improve, they comes back and can cause abdominal pain and liver damage, sometime it also causes yellow skin. If this happens the risk of bleeding and also the risk of kidney problems increases. It may be difficult to distinguish from other diseases especially while in the earlier stages, and to confirm a case of it blood testing is required. A vaccine does exist, and other methods to decrease the risk of contracting it include controlling the mosquito population. \n\nInfluenza: \nInfluenza more commonly known as the flu is an infectious disease that is caused by the influenza virus. The symptoms can range from being mild to more severe with the most common symptoms being a high fever, muscle aches, coughing, and feeling drained and lethargic. the symptoms typically occur 2 days after exposure and can last more than a week. the cough associated with it can last more than 2 weeks. Some of the complications of influenza can lead to bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of chronic conditions such as asthma. The three types of influenza are type A, type B, and Type . It is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes. It is also spread by touching surfaces that are contaminated with the virus. A person is infectious before and during the time they're showing symptoms. They flu can be confirmed by things such as nose swabs and other rapid testing methods. These tests also help to determine the strain of flu someone has. . You can reduce the risk of getting the flu by frequent hand-washing, wearing masks, and getting the flu vaccination. The vaccination is typically effective against only a few types of influenza , and may not be used for the following year as the strains tend to evolve quickly. Influenza can also affect other animals such as pigs birds and even horses. Death typically occurs in the young, and those who have other health issues. If there are large outbreaks of the flu in an area it is often known as a pandemic. This year's flu season has been worse than normal sometimes even causing complications and death in people who are otherwise healthy. It is recommended that if you are infected with the flu you refrain from going to work or school and sanitize all surfaces that you have come into contact with to prevent other people from getting it.", "tags": ["youtube", "video", "steemit", "steem"], "magnet": ""}, "info": {"snaphash": "QmZ2y5ZeGPzYfNZrZRikFXsoiKeVyHAr7zdxxHtzxfu3FE", "filesize": 200475211, "duration": 684.751, "permlink": "qcyp0vja", "spritehash": "QmYcpULC48qyNszkvkYMUifEVv8RrUjFUF7Byg2PtYSkRs", "author": "world5list", "title": "Steemit Sunday #5 - 9 Deadly Diseases That Changed Mankind"}, "_id": "c8546429a5123041672ed051987e4ae0"}}" |
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