Viewing a response to: @lemouth/when-the-microscopic-world-met-astrophysics-and-cosmology
Hi again. I often think about the first three minute phase of the Universe. Physicist speak of different phase transitions from the singularity to the sudden expansion of space faster then the speed of light to the point were things are cooling down to allow particle production which we can than see in the picture you have shown above which depicts the Microwave Background Radiation. So I always see 4 things, 1- the vacuum energy, 2- space and its expansion, 3- matter, and the Planck scale. Here is my reverse thought, if space can expand faster then light, then it must start off cold and expand so long until it reaches high enough temperatures so that particles begin to condense or form. The particle production on the other hand is the mechanism which slows down the space expansion by basically curling up space into matter, otherwise this fast expansion phase would not come to a stop. Afterward the hot Universe would continue to cool down forming molecules just the way you guys describe it. There must be also some kind of correlation between the total amount of vacuum energy and matter for us to observe this. :-)
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First, thanks a lot for this great comment (that is really appealing from a discussion standpoint)! I however must admit I am a bit lost with your comment :p Let's start with a detail: > if space can expand faster then light That is an artefact of things getting non-local. Galaxies very far from the observers seem to move faster than light, but there are very distant from each other too. As a result, we are not local. And speed is a local concept. Actually, this is the entire definition of 'speed' here that is tricky. > if space can expand faster then light, then it must start off cold and expand so long until it reaches high enough temperatures so that particles begin to condense or form. Here I have troubles to follow you. If the universe expands, it cools down. Also, the probability two particles meet to interact decreases. This is simplify the so-called freeze-out mechanism of dark matter. Nothing more nothing less. The particle density freezes. > The particle production on the other hand is the mechanism which slows down the space expansion by basically curling up space into matter, otherwise this fast expansion phase would not come to a stop. How it this possible? How is particle production related to the expansion of the universe? Do you mind giving me more details here? Thanks in advance!
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As soon as particle production starts, Gravity begins to exist, if you do not believe in a graviton particle. That is also why I have problems with the Higgs mechanism even though I can understand the concept. E=mc^2 . Mass is not for me a particle. Most of the mass comes from the binding forces which hold the Quarks together probably 99% or more. Binding force is Energy but in this case they are called [Flex-Tubes](https://steemit.com/science/@rafaelzauner/black-holes-and-the-event-horizon) (scroll down a little to see the picture) which hold the quarks together. This is how I visualize space expansion slowing down. It is converted into matter. You said that one might have to rethink gravity or think about Dark Matter. Wouldn't the Universe become opaque with all the Dark matter needed? These are just alternative thought to the subject in case the data is interpreted differently.
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I am a bit confused by your answer. I am not sure to follow what you are explaining. Gravity does not need particles to exist. It is there, and everything couples to gravity. Graviton is known as the potential particle mediating gravitational interactions, but it has not been observed up to now. Now, to come back to the second point, mass in indeed not a particle. It is a property of each particle. It works both for elementary objects and composite systems. For the latter, the binding energy indeed plays a role. Taking the quark example, protons hold together thanks to the strong force, via numerous quark and gluon exchanges. No gravity here. The role of gravity is exactly zero. But all of this has nothing to do with the expansion of the universe. And the latter cannot be converted into matter. At least to my knowledge (please show me an article to read about that so that I could get further pieces of information).
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